杨氏双缝干涉模拟器 (Young's Double Slit Simulator)

这是一个使用 Python、Tkinter 和 Matplotlib 构建的图形用户界面 (GUI) 应用程序，用于模拟和可视化经典的杨氏双缝干涉实验。用户可以通过调整参数实时观察干涉现象。项目经过重构，具有更清晰的模块化结构。

This is a Graphical User Interface (GUI) application built with Python, Tkinter, and Matplotlib to simulate and visualize the classic Young's double-slit experiment. Users can adjust parameters and observe the interference phenomenon in real-time. The project has been refactored for a clearer, modular structure.

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目录 (Table of Contents)

• 中文说明
  • ✨ 特性
  • 📂 项目结构
  • 🔧 安装与运行
  • 🐍 依赖
  • 📜 协议
• English Description
  • ✨ Features
  • 📂 Project Structure
  • 🔧 Installation & Usage
  • 🐍 Dependencies
  • 📜 License

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中文说明

✨ 特性

• 可视化模拟: 实时显示干涉条纹（颜色随波长变化）和相对光强分布曲线。
• 实时交互: 通过滑块交互式地调整光源波长 (λ)、双缝间距 (d) 和屏缝距离 (D)，图像实时更新。
• 参数范围:
  • 波长 λ: 380 nm - 750 nm
  • 缝间距 d: 0.01 mm - 1.0 mm
  • 屏缝距离 D: 0.1 m - 5.0 m
• 装置示意图: 提供实验装置的 3D 和 2D (俯视) 示意图，随参数 D 和 d 更新（注意：3D图中的缝间距通过动态缩放以保持可见性）。
• 数据分析:
  • 显示理论计算的条纹间距 (Δx)。
  • 如果安装了 scipy 库，程序会尝试从模拟的光强曲线上测量条纹间距。
  • 在干涉结果图上点击可以获取该点的屏幕位置 (x)、近似光程差 (δ) 和相位差 (ΔΦ) 信息。
• 界面友好: 使用 Tkinter 构建图形界面，Matplotlib 嵌入绘图。尝试支持中文字体显示（需要系统中安装 SimHei 或其他可用中文字体）。
• 代码结构清晰: 项目代码被组织到独立的模块中，易于理解和扩展。

📂 项目结构

youngViz/                       # 项目根目录
├── config.py                   # 配置文件 (常量, 默认值, 样式)
├── simulation.py               # 模拟计算模块 (核心物理计算)
├── plotting.py                 # 绘图模块 (Matplotlib 逻辑)
├── utils.py                    # 工具函数模块
├── gui/                        # GUI 相关代码目录
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main_window.py          # 主窗口类
│   ├── control_panel.py        # 控制面板控件
│   └── matplotlib_widget.py    # Matplotlib 图形嵌入控件
├── main.py                     # 程序主入口文件
├── README.md                   # 本文档
└── requirements.txt            # (建议创建) 依赖文件

🔧 安装与运行

1. 克隆仓库:

   git clone https://github.com/TouHikari/youngViz.git
   cd youngViz

2. 创建虚拟环境 (推荐):

   # Windows
   python -m venv venv
   .\venv\Scripts\activate
   
   # macOS / Linux
   python3 -m venv venv
   source venv/bin/activate

3. 安装依赖:

   • (推荐) 使用仓库包含的 requirements.txt 文件:

     pip install -r requirements.txt

   • 或者手动安装:

     pip install numpy matplotlib scipy

     (注意: scipy 是可选的，仅用于自动测量条纹间距)

4. 运行程序: (建议作为模块运行，确保你在 youngViz/ 的上一层目录):

   python -m youngViz.main

5. 退出虚拟环境 (如果使用了):

   deactivate

🐍 依赖

• Python 3.7+ (建议)
• NumPy (pip install numpy)
• Matplotlib (pip install matplotlib)
• SciPy (pip install scipy) - 可选, 用于条纹间距测量功能。
• Tkinter (通常随 Python 标准库一起安装)

📜 协议

本项目采用 MIT 许可证。详情请见 LICENSE 文件。

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English Description

✨ Features

• Visual Simulation: Real-time display of interference fringes (color changes with wavelength) and the relative intensity distribution curve.
• Real-time Interaction: Interactively adjust the light source wavelength (λ), slit separation (d), and screen distance (D) using sliders, with immediate visual updates.
• Parameter Ranges:
  • Wavelength λ: 380 nm - 750 nm
  • Slit Separation d: 0.01 mm - 1.0 mm
  • Screen Distance D: 0.1 m - 5.0 m
• Setup Diagrams: Provides 3D and 2D (top-down view) schematic diagrams of the experimental setup, updated with parameters D and d (Note: Slit separation in the 3D view is dynamically scaled for visibility).
• Data Analysis:
  • Displays the theoretically calculated fringe spacing (Δx).
  • If the scipy library is installed, the program attempts to measure the fringe spacing from the simulated intensity curve.
  • Clicking on the interference result plots displays information about the screen position (x), approximate optical path difference (δ), and phase difference (ΔΦ) at that point.
• User-Friendly Interface: GUI built with Tkinter, embedding plots using Matplotlib. Attempts to support Chinese font display (requires SimHei or another available Chinese font installed on the system).
• Clean Code Structure: Project code is organized into distinct modules for better understanding and extensibility.

📂 Project Structure

youngViz/                       # Project Root
├── config.py                   # Configuration (constants, defaults, styles)
├── simulation.py               # Simulation core (physics calculations)
├── plotting.py                 # Plotting module (Matplotlib logic)
├── utils.py                    # Utility functions
├── gui/                        # GUI related code
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main_window.py          # Main window class
│   ├── control_panel.py        # Control panel widget
│   └── matplotlib_widget.py    # Matplotlib embedding widget
├── main.py                     # Main application entry point
├── README.md                   # This document
└── requirements.txt            # (Recommended) Dependencies file

🔧 Installation & Usage

1. Clone the Repository:

   git clone https://github.com/TouHikari/youngViz.git
   cd youngViz

2. Create a Virtual Environment (Recommended):

   # Windows
   python -m venv venv
   .\venv\Scripts\activate
   
   # macOS / Linux
   python3 -m venv venv
   source venv/bin/activate

3. Install Dependencies:

   • (Recommended) Use a requirements.txt file including in the repository:

     pip install -r requirements.txt

   • Or install manually:

     pip install numpy matplotlib scipy

     (Note: scipy is optional, only needed for automatic fringe spacing measurement)

4. Run the Application: (Suggest running it as a module. Ensure that you are in the directory above 'youngViz/'):

   python -m youngViz.main # Typically used after package installation

5. Deactivate Virtual Environment (if used):

   deactivate

🐍 Dependencies

• Python 3.7+ (Recommended)
• NumPy (pip install numpy)
• Matplotlib (pip install matplotlib)
• SciPy (pip install scipy) - Optional, for fringe spacing measurement feature.
• Tkinter (Usually included with Python standard library)

📜 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.