Integrated Project - Fan Control

This repository gathers the materials developed for the Integrated Project of the Control Theory 2 and Microcontrollers course (2023.2), carried by students Jonas and Vinícius. The project involves implementing a discrete control for a fan using a microcontroller, applying both PI and PID controllers.

Project Description

To obtain the transfer function of the plant (fan), an experimental procedure was carried out by applying a step input with a sampling time of 100 ms. The measurement of the fan speed allowed for the identification of the system dynamics and the determination of a first-order transfer function, which was then discretized using the ZOH method.

Two controllers were designed:

• PI Controller (Proportional-Integral):
  Characterized by an adjustable zero and a fixed pole at Z = 1, it exhibited a Settling Time of 2.73 seconds and an Overshoot of 0.942%.
• PID Controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative):
  With two adjustable zeros and two fixed poles (at Z = 1 and Z = 0), it achieved a Settling Time of 5.39 seconds and an Overshoot of 0.478%.

Difference equations were derived to integrate the controllers into the microcontroller, ensuring the implementation of the discrete fan control.

Validation and Simulation

The controllers were validated through simulations in Simulink. A set of blocks was used to model the plant and replicate the controllers' behavior. The simulations allowed a comparison between the model obtained with Sisotool and the code-based implementation (using code blocks in Simulink), highlighting the compatibility between the control effort and the established reference.

Repository Structure

• /control_project/conversion.xlsx
  Excel file containing data or conversion parameters used during the project’s development.

• /control_project/IHMBauer.pdf
  Document providing an overview or reference for the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) design.

• /control_project/rotation_control.c
  The main C source code implementing the fan control. Key features include:

  • Configuration of timers, the AD converter, PWM, LCD, and keypad.
  • A state machine-based HMI for setpoint configuration and selection of PI or PID controllers.
  • A control routine that updates speed and duty cycle by integrating the discrete control equations.

• /control_project/rotation_control.m
  A MATLAB/Octave script used for system analysis or simulation, supporting the design and validation of the controllers.

• /control_project/rotation_control.pdf
  A detailed document outlining the methodology used, including:

  • The experimental procedure for plant identification.
  • Derivation and comparison of the continuous and discretized transfer functions.
  • Performance analyses of the PI and PID controllers, highlighting Settling Time and Overshoot.

How to Use the Project

1. Source Code:

   • Navigate to the /control_project folder and open rotation_control.c to review the complete control implementation.
   • Compile the code and program the microcontroller according to the instructions and comments within the file.

2. Documentation and Scripts:

   • Refer to rotation_control.pdf for a comprehensive explanation of the experimental procedures, plant identification, and controller analysis.
   • Use rotation_control.m to replicate or extend the simulations and analyses performed in MATLAB/Octave.
   • Check IHMbauer.pdf for insights into the HMI design and implementation details.

3. Data Files:

   • Examine conversion.xlsx if you need to review or modify the data/conversion parameters used in the project.