[WIP] Fix dependabot alert #105 for sha.js type checks

[Copilot]

Thanks for the feedback on #274. I've created this new PR, which merges into #274, to address your comment. I will work on the changes and keep this PR's description up to date as I make progress.

Original PR: #274
Triggering comment (#274 (comment)):

@copilot

Dependabot Security Alert

{
  "number": 105,
  "state": "open",
  "dependency": {
    "package": {
      "ecosystem": "npm",
      "name": "sha.js"
    },
    "manifest_path": "client/pnpm-lock.yaml",
    "scope": "runtime",
    "relationship": "transitive"
  },
  "security_advisory": {
    "ghsa_id": "GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5",
    "cve_id": "CVE-2025-9288",
    "summary": "sha.js is missing type checks leading to hash rewind and passing on crafted data",
    "description": "### Summary\n\nThis is the same as [GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc](https://github.com/browserify/cipher-base/security/advisories/GHSA-cpq7-6gpm-g9rc) but just for `sha.js`, as it has its own implementation.\n\nMissing input type checks can allow types other than a well-formed `Buffer` or `string`, resulting in invalid values, hanging and rewinding the hash state (including turning a tagged hash into an untagged hash), or other generally undefined behaviour.\n\n### Details\n\nSee PoC\n\n### PoC\n```js\nconst forgeHash = (data, payload) => JSON.stringify([payload, { length: -payload.length}, [...data]])\n\nconst sha = require('sha.js')\nconst { randomBytes } = require('crypto')\n\nconst sha256 = (...messages) => {\n  const hash = sha('sha256')\n  messages.forEach((m) => hash.update(m))\n  return hash.digest('hex')\n}\n\nconst validMessage = [randomBytes(32), randomBytes(32), randomBytes(32)] // whatever\n\nconst payload = forgeHash(Buffer.concat(validMessage), 'Hashed input means safe')\nconst receivedMessage = JSON.parse(payload) // e.g. over network, whatever\n\nconsole.log(sha256(...validMessage))\nconsole.log(sha256(...receivedMessage))\nconsole.log(receivedMessage[0])\n```\n\nOutput:\n```\n638d5bf3ca5d1decf7b78029f1c4a58558143d62d0848d71e27b2a6ff312d7c4\n638d5bf3ca5d1decf7b78029f1c4a58558143d62d0848d71e27b2a6ff312d7c4\nHashed input means safe\n```\n\nOr just:\n```console\n> require('sha.js')('sha256').update('foo').digest('hex')\n'2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae'\n> require('sha.js')('sha256').update('fooabc').update({length:-3}).digest('hex')\n'2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae'\n```\n\n### Impact\n\n1. Hash state rewind on `{length: -x}`. This is behind the PoC above, also this way an attacker can turn a tagged hash in cryptographic libraries into an untagged hash.\n2. Value miscalculation, e.g. a collision is generated by `{ length: buf.length, ...buf, 0: buf[0] + 256 }`\n    This will result in the same hash as of `buf`, but can be treated by other code differently (e.g. bn.js)\n4. DoS on `{length:'1e99'}`\n5. On a subsequent system, (2) can turn into matching hashes but different numeric representations, leading to issues up to private key extraction from cryptography libraries (as nonce is often generated through a hash, and matching nonces for different values often immediately leads to private key restoration)",
    "severity": "critical",
    "identifiers": [
      {
        "value": "GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5",
        "type": "GHSA"
      },
      {
        "value": "CVE-2025-9288",
        "type": "CVE"
      }
    ],
    "references": [
      {
        "url": "https://github.com/browserify/sha.js/security/advisories/GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9288"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://github.com/browserify/sha.js/pull/78"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://github.com/browserify/sha.js/commit/f2a258e9f2d0fcd113bfbaa49706e1ac0d979ba5"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-9287"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00016.html"
      },
      {
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5"
      }
    ],
    "published_at": "2025-08-21T14:47:55Z",
    "updated_at": "2025-11-03T21:35:27Z",
    "withdrawn_at": null,
    "vulnerabilities": [
      {
        "package": {
          "ecosystem": "npm",
          "name": "sha.js"
        },
        "severity": "critical",
        "vulnerable_version_range": "<= 2.4.11",
        "first_patched_version": {
          "identifier": "2.4.12"
        }
      }
    ],
    "cvss_severities": {
      "cvss_v3": {
        "vector_string": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
        "score": 9.1
      },
      "cvss_v4": {
        "vector_string": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N",
        "score": 9.1
      }
    },
    "epss": {
      "percentage": 0.00041,
      "percentile": 0.12475
    },
    "cvss": {
      "vector_string": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "score": 9.1
    },
    "cwes": [
      {
        "cwe_id": "CWE-20",
        "name": "Improper Input Validation"
      }
    ]
  },
  "security_vulnerability": {
    "package": {
      "ecosystem": "npm",
      "name": "sha.js"
    },
    "severity": "critical",
    "vulnerable_version_range": "<= 2.4.11",
    "first_patched_version": {
      "identifier": "2.4.12"
    }
  },
  "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/Vizzuality/fora/dependabot/alerts/105",
  "html_url": "https://github.com/Vizzuality/fora/security/dependabot/105",
  "created_at": "2025-08-21T23:57:43Z",
  "updated_at": "2025-08-21T23:57:43Z",
  "dismissal_request": null,
  "dismissed_at": null,
  "dismissed_by": null,
  "dismissed_reason": null,
  "dismissed_comment": null,
  "fixed_at": null,
  "auto_dismissed_at": null
}

Task

Analyze the alert above and fix the vulnerability.

• Update the affected dependency to the patched version if available.
• If no patch exists, evaluate mitigations or alternatives.
• Run the existing tests to confirm nothing breaks.
• Advisory references: GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5, https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9288, support multi-byte wide typed arrays browserify/sha.js#78, browserify/sha.js@f2a258e, https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-9287, https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00016.html, GHSA-95m3-7q98-8xr5

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