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In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been...

High severity Unreviewed Published Oct 4, 2025 to the GitHub Advisory Database • Updated Jan 23, 2026

Package

No package listedSuggest a package

Affected versions

Unknown

Patched versions

Unknown

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nilfs2: fix shift-out-of-bounds/overflow in nilfs_sb2_bad_offset()

Patch series "nilfs2: fix UBSAN shift-out-of-bounds warnings on mount
time".

The first patch fixes a bug reported by syzbot, and the second one fixes
the remaining bug of the same kind. Although they are triggered by the
same super block data anomaly, I divided it into the above two because the
details of the issues and how to fix it are different.

Both are required to eliminate the shift-out-of-bounds issues at mount
time.

This patch (of 2):

If the block size exponent information written in an on-disk superblock is
corrupted, nilfs_sb2_bad_offset helper function can trigger
shift-out-of-bounds warning followed by a kernel panic (if panic_on_warn
is set):

shift exponent 38983 is too large for 64-bit type 'unsigned long long'
Call Trace:

__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x1b1/0x28e lib/dump_stack.c:106
ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:151 [inline]
__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x33d/0x3b0 lib/ubsan.c:322
nilfs_sb2_bad_offset fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c:449 [inline]
nilfs_load_super_block+0xdf5/0xe00 fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c:523
init_nilfs+0xb7/0x7d0 fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c:577
nilfs_fill_super+0xb1/0x5d0 fs/nilfs2/super.c:1047
nilfs_mount+0x613/0x9b0 fs/nilfs2/super.c:1317
...

In addition, since nilfs_sb2_bad_offset() performs multiplication without
considering the upper bound, the computation may overflow if the disk
layout parameters are not normal.

This fixes these issues by inserting preliminary sanity checks for those
parameters and by converting the comparison from one involving
multiplication and left bit-shifting to one using division and right
bit-shifting.

References

Published by the National Vulnerability Database Oct 4, 2025
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Oct 4, 2025
Last updated Jan 23, 2026

Severity

High

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

EPSS score

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

This score estimates the probability of this vulnerability being exploited within the next 30 days. Data provided by FIRST.
(3rd percentile)

Weaknesses

Out-of-bounds Read

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2022-50478

GHSA ID

GHSA-2gq6-55f4-4v54

Source code

No known source code

Dependabot alerts are not supported on this advisory because it does not have a package from a supported ecosystem with an affected and fixed version.

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