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H2O has an External Control of File Name or Path vulnerability

Critical severity GitHub Reviewed Published Feb 2, 2026 to the GitHub Advisory Database • Updated Feb 2, 2026

Package

maven ai.h2o:h2o-core (Maven)

Affected versions

<= 3.46.0.1

Patched versions

None
pip h2o (pip)
<= 3.46.0.1
None

Description

A vulnerability in h2oai/h2o-3 version 3.46.0.1 allows remote attackers to write arbitrary data to any file on the server. This is achieved by exploiting the /3/Parse endpoint to inject attacker-controlled data as the header of an empty file, which is then exported using the /3/Frames/framename/export endpoint. The impact of this vulnerability includes the potential for remote code execution and complete access to the system running h2o-3, as attackers can overwrite critical files such as private SSH keys or script files.

References

Published by the National Vulnerability Database Feb 2, 2026
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Feb 2, 2026
Reviewed Feb 2, 2026
Last updated Feb 2, 2026

Severity

Critical

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

EPSS score

Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS)

This score estimates the probability of this vulnerability being exploited within the next 30 days. Data provided by FIRST.
(32nd percentile)

Weaknesses

External Control of File Name or Path

The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2024-5986

GHSA ID

GHSA-wj3h-wx8g-x699

Source code

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