feat: add ASM STF guest code and prover perf tooling

[prajwolrg]

Description

• Add SP1 guest program for the ASM STF proof (guest-builder/sp1/guest-asm)
• Refactor proof-impl to extract test utilities into a dedicated test_utils module
• Add prover-perf binary for benchmarking and profiling guest code execution
• Add CI workflow to run prover-perf in mock mode and just recipes for local profiling

Type of Change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature/Enhancement (non-breaking change which adds functionality or enhances an existing one)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation update
• Refactor
• New or updated tests
• Dependency update
• Security fix

Notes to Reviewers

AI was used to copy the existing code pattern from alpen.

Checklist

• I have performed a self-review of my code.
• I have commented my code where necessary.
• I have updated the documentation if needed.
• My changes do not introduce new warnings.
• I have added tests that prove my changes are effective or that my feature works.
• New and existing tests pass with my changes.

Related Issues

[github-actions]

Commit: cf972a4
SP1 Execution Results

program	cycles	success
ASM STF	533,229,620	yes

[MdTeach]

Overall, this looks good.
The cycle count appears higher than anticipated.

[delbonis]

Looks good, just some organizational comments.

[storopoli]

ACK 1252fbe