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| 1 | +# Technical Roadmap: `Production-Ready MLOps Workflow` |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +This document outlines the strategic technical progression from a basic ML pipeline to a comprehensive **Machine Learning Engineering** system, focusing on robustness, observability, and 2026 AI trends. |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +## Tech Stack 2026 |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +| Category | Tool / Technology | Purpose | Implementation | |
| 8 | +| --- | --- | --- | --- | |
| 9 | +| **Backend API** | **FastAPI** | High-performance asynchronous inference and OpenAPI docs. | Phase 1 | |
| 10 | +| **Frontend UI** | **Streamlit** | Interactive dashboard for prediction visualization. | Phase 1 | |
| 11 | +| **ML Lifecycle** | **MLflow** | Experiment tracking, model registry, and lineage. | Phase 2 | |
| 12 | +| **Validation** | **Pydantic v2** | Strict type validation and statistical range checks. | Phase 1 - 2 | |
| 13 | +| **Observability** | **Evidently AI** | Data Drift monitoring and production model quality. | Phase 3 | |
| 14 | +| **Trustworthy AI** | **SHAP / LIME** | Model Explainability (XAI) to mitigate overfitting. | Phase 3 | |
| 15 | +| **Agentic AI** | **PydanticAI / LangChain** | AI Agent to interpret simulated medical results. | Phase 4 | |
| 16 | +| **Tooling (DX)** | **uv / Ruff / MyPy** | Ultra-fast Rust-based dev stack and strict typing. | **All Phases** | |
| 17 | +| **DevOps** | **Docker / GH Actions** | Containerization and CI/CD pipelines with Quality Gates. | **All Phases** | |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +--- |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +## 🟢 Phase 1: API Modernization & Robustness |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +**Goal:** Replace the technical foundation with 2026 modern standards and ensure the model does not process invalid data. |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +### Backend & API |
| 26 | +* **FastAPI Migration:** Replace Flask to gain automatic validation, asynchronous support, and interactive documentation (/docs). |
| 27 | +* **Data Guardrails:** Implement `Pydantic` validators to verify that inputs fall within the statistical ranges of the original dataset (active overfitting mitigation). |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +### Tooling & Quality |
| 30 | +* **Strict Typing:** Configure `MyPy` to ensure the data flow between preprocessing and inference is 100% type-safe. |
| 31 | +* **Fast Linting:** Maintain `Ruff` usage to ensure PEP 8 code standards and software quality. |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +--- |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +## 🟡 Phase 2: Lifecycle Management (MLOps Core) |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +**Goal:** Transition from "training scripts" to professional "experiment management." |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +### ML Lifecycle |
| 40 | +* **Experiment Tracking (MLflow):** Record every model run, comparing training vs. validation metrics to visually identify overfitting. |
| 41 | +* **Model Registry:** Implement a workflow where only models passing robustness tests are promoted to the API. |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +### Data Engineering |
| 44 | +* **DVC (Data Version Control):** Version the `data.csv` dataset to ensure every prediction can be traced back to the exact data used for training. |
| 45 | + |
| 46 | +--- |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | +## 🟠 Phase 3: Observability & Explainability (XAI) |
| 49 | + |
| 50 | +**Goal:** Demonstrate that the system can detect failures and explain its decisions. |
| 51 | + |
| 52 | +### Monitoring |
| 53 | +* **Drift Detection (Evidently AI):** Create a pipeline to compare real-time input data with training data. If the "patient" differs significantly from known data, the system generates a "Low Confidence" alert. |
| 54 | +* **Structured Logging:** Implement JSON-format logs for compatibility with modern observability stacks. |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +### Trustworthy AI |
| 57 | +* **Interpretability (SHAP):** Add a layer that returns *why* "Malignant" was predicted (e.g., "Mean Radius > 15.2"). This turns an overfitted model into an auditable tool. |
| 58 | +* **Robustness Tests:** A `Pytest` suite that injects random noise into data to verify model consistency. |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +--- |
| 61 | + |
| 62 | +## 🔵 Phase 4: Connected Intelligence (2026 Trend) |
| 63 | + |
| 64 | +**Goal:** Integrate the predictive model into a Generative AI and full automation workflow. |
| 65 | + |
| 66 | +### Agentic Workflows |
| 67 | +* **AI-Agent Reporting:** Implement an agent (LLM) that takes technical output (prediction + SHAP) and generates a narrative summary for the user in Streamlit. |
| 68 | +* **Automated Retraining Loop:** Simulate a workflow where, upon detecting severe drift, the system automatically triggers a GitHub Actions job to retrain the model. |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +### Infrastructure & Deployment |
| 71 | +* **Cloud-Native Deployment:** Final deployment on scalable infrastructure (Kubernetes or Serverless Containers) with integrated health monitoring. |
| 72 | + * **Container Orchestration:** Use `Docker Compose` for local multi-service orchestration (API + UI) and prepare for production-grade scaling. |
| 73 | + * **AWS Ecosystem (Optional):** Leverage **AWS App Runner** or **ECS (Elastic Container Service)** for managed container execution, ensuring high availability and auto-scaling without manual server management. |
| 74 | + * **Infrastructure as Code (IaC):** Define environment configurations through code (e.g., `render.yaml` or Docker specifications) to ensure environment parity between development and production. |
| 75 | + * **Automated CI/CD:** Establish a "Quality Gate" pipeline where code is only deployed if all tests (Pytest), linting (Ruff), and type checks (MyPy) pass, ensuring a zero-downtime, reliable deployment flow. |
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