Kubernetes Components: Worker/Data Plane and Master/Control Plane Worker/Data Plane Components: Kubelet: Ensures pods are always running and provides information if there’s a failure. Kube-proxy: Handles networking, IP addresses, and load balancing. Container Runtime: Allows containers to run on Kubernetes (e.g., Docker, containerd, CRI-O). Master/Control Plane Components: API Server: Exposes the Kubernetes API and handles external requests. Scheduler: Schedules pods onto nodes based on resource availability. etcd: Stores cluster data in a key-value format. Controller Manager: Manages controllers to maintain the desired cluster state. Cloud Controller Manager: Integrates with cloud providers and supports custom implementations.