ci: run Trivy version bump in trivy-action

[nikpivkin]

Description

Added a step with a workflow call to bump the Trivy version in trivy-action. always conditions have been added for all steps in the trigger-version-update job, since they are independent of each other and failure in one step should not affect the others.

This PR is opened from a correct fork and replaces #10201

Checklist

• I've read the guidelines for contributing to this repository.
• I've followed the conventions in the PR title.
• I've added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works.
• I've updated the documentation with the relevant information (if needed).
• I've added usage information (if the PR introduces new options)
• I've included a "before" and "after" example to the description (if the PR is a user interface change).