feat: capacity block support

[jmdeal]

Fixes #6519

Description

This PR extends Karpenter's native capacity reservation support to include support for capacity blocks. More details in the included design document.

How was this change tested?

make presubmit && /karpenter snapshot

Does this change impact docs?

• Yes, PR includes docs updates
• Yes, issue opened: #
• No

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.

[netlify]

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[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 15474076604

Warning: This coverage report may be inaccurate.

This pull request's base commit is no longer the HEAD commit of its target branch. This means it includes changes from outside the original pull request, including, potentially, unrelated coverage changes.

• For more information on this, see Tracking coverage changes with pull request builds.
• To avoid this issue with future PRs, see these Recommended CI Configurations.
• For a quick fix, rebase this PR at GitHub. Your next report should be accurate.

Details

• 343 of 404 (84.9%) changed or added relevant lines in 16 files are covered.
• 32 unchanged lines in 5 files lost coverage.
• Overall coverage increased (+0.4%) to 67.289%

---

Changes Missing Coverage	Covered Lines	Changed/Added Lines	%
pkg/providers/amifamily/resolver.go	24	25	96.0%
pkg/controllers/controllers.go	0	2	0.0%
pkg/providers/instance/instance.go	28	30	93.33%
pkg/providers/instance/types.go	94	97	96.91%
pkg/providers/instance/filter/filter.go	95	106	89.62%
pkg/apis/v1/ec2nodeclass_status.go	43	58	74.14%
pkg/controllers/capacityreservation/expiration/controller.go	36	63	57.14%

Files with Coverage Reduction	New Missed Lines	%
pkg/fake/ec2api.go	3	86.22%
pkg/providers/amifamily/types.go	4	82.46%
pkg/controllers/nodeclass/ami.go	7	76.74%
pkg/test/environment.go	8	93.41%
pkg/providers/amifamily/ami.go	10	93.71%

Totals
Change from base Build 15446930089:	0.4%
Covered Lines:	7239
Relevant Lines:	10758

---

💛 - Coveralls

[jmdeal]

/karpenter snapshot

[github-actions]

Snapshot successfully published to oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter:0-1025aa235996019eb45d08659f4204d37f0a1e49.
To install you must login to the ECR repo with an AWS account:

aws ecr get-login-password --region us-east-1 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin 021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com

helm upgrade --install karpenter oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter --version "0-1025aa235996019eb45d08659f4204d37f0a1e49" --namespace "kube-system" --create-namespace \
  --set "settings.clusterName=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set "settings.interruptionQueue=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set controller.resources.requests.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.requests.memory=1Gi \
  --set controller.resources.limits.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.limits.memory=1Gi \
  --wait

[jmdeal]

/karpenter snapshot

[jmdeal]

/karpenter snapshot

[github-actions]

Snapshot successfully published to oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter:0-01edeb6c93fdb6132f9801a342fe4d643542b905.
To install you must login to the ECR repo with an AWS account:

aws ecr get-login-password --region us-east-1 | docker login --username AWS --password-stdin 021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com

helm upgrade --install karpenter oci://021119463062.dkr.ecr.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/karpenter/snapshot/karpenter --version "0-01edeb6c93fdb6132f9801a342fe4d643542b905" --namespace "kube-system" --create-namespace \
  --set "settings.clusterName=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set "settings.interruptionQueue=${CLUSTER_NAME}" \
  --set controller.resources.requests.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.requests.memory=1Gi \
  --set controller.resources.limits.cpu=1 \
  --set controller.resources.limits.memory=1Gi \
  --wait

[rschalo]

LGTM