[ci] Replace ccache with sccache

[sharder996]

This PR adds support for and replaces the use of ccache with sccache in CI.

This provides several benefits such Windows support and the additional ability to also cache Rust builds. sccache also has its own dedicated GitHub action which negates the necessity to manually upload/download and maintain ccache dumps in GitHub cache.

Documentation for sccache can be found here.

Documentation for the sccache GitHub action can be found here.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 87.18%. Comparing base (218cfd6) to head (eebfd80).
⚠️ Report is 9 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #4594   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   87.18%   87.18%           
=======================================
  Files         247      247           
  Lines       14273    14273           
=======================================
  Hits        12443    12443           
  Misses       1830     1830           

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