Fix a bundle of mason bugs

[jabraham17]

Fixes several mason bugs I found

• mason build --example ... does not respect prereqs. resolves mason build --example ... and mason run --example ... --build don't use prereqs #28205
• mason run has duplicate output
• Projects did not respect the compopts toml field of mason dependencies
• mason test did not get a mason dependencies prereqs
• prereqs that passes paths would did not work as dependencies (added MASON_PACKAGE_HOME to fix this)
• mason publish with a local registry was completely broken
• mason build had a flag in its help output that doesn't exist
• examples don't allow compopts specified as a list like project compopts and docopts do.
• many other fixes with examples. as a side effect, resolves mason run --example --force doesn't force building examples #18486

I also added some more flags to debug builds to help diagnose errors

I also rewrote some of the mason shell script tests to use a fully fledged sub_test with optional good file matching. This made writing the tests for this PR much easier.

[jabraham17]

Closing, due to git issues I have opened a fresh PR: #28428