Update Docker flow to support latest codebase

[benkoppe]

Summary

Carriage is deployed using Docker. However, the Docker flow doesn't follow best practices, nor has it been updated to support the latest version of the codebase. This PR addresses both of those issues:

• add all new env vars to docker-compose.yml
• convert Dockerfile to use multi-stage builds and npm ci
  • this change keeps the final image minimal with only the minimum necessary requirements
• ensure builds work with these new changes
• ensure we can still properly run CI and remote deployment with the new secret SSO certificate file

Breaking Changes

- Frontend env vars were previously args that were only available at build time. They are now part of the environment, making them available at both build and run time. (reverted)

• Some secrets have been better included in the main .dockerignore. We should look more into adding lines from the nested .dockerignore files into the main one, since these nested files are ignored.
• This PR also updates the package-lock.json files such that the npm ci commands in the Dockerfile work properly.

[dti-github-bot]

[diff-counting] Significant lines: 78.

[mjaydenkim]

Looks pretty good to me! Nice fixes/cleaning up stuff. Not many notes

[benkoppe]

I don't want to merge this yet, I'm going to look over my test deployment over the weekend to ensure I've set this up 100%.

[benkoppe]

This PR has been replaced by #631.