Add vpatch-CVE-2024-20404 rule and test

[crowdsec-automation]

This rule detects exploitation attempts for CVE-2024-20404, a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Cisco Finesse. The attack is performed by sending a POST request to the /gadgets/metadata endpoint with a JSON body containing a gadgets array, where the first element's url field is set to an external HTTP URL.

• The first rule condition matches requests to the exact URI /gadgets/metadata, using a case-insensitive comparison.
• The second rule condition inspects the JSON body argument gadgets[0].url (using the json. prefix for JSON content), and matches if it contains http:// (case-insensitive), which is a strong indicator of an SSRF attempt.
• The rule avoids false positives by only matching on the relevant endpoint and the specific field used in the exploit.
• The test nuclei template is adapted to check for a 403 response, as expected from a WAF block.

Validation checklist:

• All value: fields are lowercase.
• All relevant transforms include lowercase.
• No match.value contains capital letters.
• The rule uses contains and equals as appropriate, not regex.

[github-actions]

Hello @crowdsec-automation and thank you for your contribution!

❗ It seems that the following scenarios are not part of the 'crowdsecurity/appsec-virtual-patching' collection:

🔴 crowdsecurity/vpatch-CVE-2024-20404 🔴

[github-actions]

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