Add Alarm-Based and Temporal Forecast Evaluation Support

[KennyGraham1]

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Summary

Add support for alarm-based earthquake forecast evaluation, including temporal (time-series) alarm-based forecasts. This introduces functions for loading, evaluating, and visualizing alarm-based forecasts using ROC curves and Molchan diagrams.

New Features

• csep.load_alarm_forecast() - Load alarm-based forecasts from CSV
• csep.load_temporal_forecast() - Load temporal probability sequences
• csep.compute_temporal_observations() - Compute binary observations from catalog
• plots.plot_temporal_ROC_diagram() - Temporal ROC evaluation
• plots.plot_temporal_Molchan_diagram() - Temporal Molchan evaluation

Documentation

• Added "Alarm-based forecasts" and "Temporal alarm-based forecasts" sections to docs/concepts/forecasts.rst
• Added "Alarm-based forecast evaluations" section to docs/concepts/evaluations.rst
• New tutorial: docs/tutorials/alarm_forecast_evaluation.rst

Examples

• examples/tutorials/alarm_forecast_demo.py - Complete alarm forecast demo with GeoNet
• examples/tutorials/temporal_evaluation/ - Multi-model temporal comparison example

Type of change:

• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• This change requires a documentation update

Checklist:

• I have performed a self-review of my own code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes