+SEAS, Sustainable Energy with Adaptive Security, focused on enabling the digital transformation of the energy sector through improved risk management and adaptive security. The project addressed emerging energy cloud ecosystems where distributed renewable energy resources, electric vehicle charging, smart buildings, virtual power plants and other flexible services are connected through cloud-based control and monitoring. RISE contributed to the development of adaptive safety and cybersecurity risk assessment methods, building on IEC 62443 with extensions for cloud zones, dependency modelling and continual risk management. The project also produced guidelines for secure introduction of digital cloud-based energy services, investigated cybersecurity risks in electric vehicle charging, and demonstrated cloud-based security monitoring for critical infrastructure.
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