feat(query): Introducing Decimal64

[forsaken628]

I hereby agree to the terms of the CLA available at: https://docs.databend.com/dev/policies/cla/

Summary

• Introducing decimal64
• Decimal division return type would have more appropriate precision (break change)
• Will try to use decimal64 in the intermediate steps of decimal function arithmetic and function cast multistep calculations
• Decimal in filters will always try to use decimal64
• The current optimization scenario is quite limited and needs more work

Tests

• Unit Test
• Logic Test
• Benchmark Test
• No Test - Explain why

Benchmark

dataset: tpch sf100

version:

after: v1.2.745-nightly-025f87b87d
before: v1.2.745-nightly-4957bb4d8e

cast 1:
sql:

select count(*) from lineitem where l_quantity + l_quantity +l_quantity > 50;

duration: after: 1.742 sec (0.76) vs before: 2.283 sec

case 2:
sql:

select count(*) from lineitem where l_quantity + l_quantity *2 > 50;

duration: after: 1.744 sec (0.72) vs before: 2.470 sec

Type of change

• Bug Fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking Change (fix or feature that could cause existing functionality not to work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Other (please describe):

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This change is 

[github-actions]

Docker Image for PR

• tag: pr-18010-6a493ed-1748529954

note: this image tag is only available for internal use.

[github-actions]

ClickBench Report

• hits: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15325715700/hits.html
• load: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15325715700/load.html
• tpch: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15325715700/tpch.html

[github-actions]

Docker Image for PR

• tag: pr-18010-dcfe28b-1748626354

note: this image tag is only available for internal use.

[github-actions]

ClickBench Report

• hits: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15351656668/hits.html
• load: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15351656668/load.html
• tpch: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15351656668/tpch.html

[github-actions]

Docker Image for PR

• tag: pr-18010-bd893b5-1748948756

note: this image tag is only available for internal use.

[github-actions]

ClickBench Report

• hits: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15414860291/hits.html
• load: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15414860291/load.html
• tpch: https://benchmark.databend.com/clickbench/pr/18010/15414860291/tpch.html