feat(query): enhance datetime functions

[TCeason]

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Summary

PR Summary: Enhancing Date and Time Functionality and Formatting Capabilities

This PR introduces several enhancements to improve the system's flexibility and compatibility in date and time processing and formatting:

1. New Settings Introduced:
   • date_format_style: Allows users to select the date format style, with available values "MySQL" or "Oracle". The default is "MySQL".
   • week_start: Specifies the first day of the week, accepting values 0 or 1. The default is 0.
2. trunc Function Support: The trunc(expr, datetime_interval_type) function has been added, allowing truncation of date or time expressions to a specified interval type.
3. Extended date_trunc Function: The date_trunc function now supports WEEK as a datetime interval type, enabling truncation of dates by week.
4. Enhanced Oracle Date Format Compatibility: When date_format_style is set to "Oracle", the system now supports and correctly parses Oracle-style date format expressions, mapping them to corresponding internal formatting symbols.
5. use to_char as alias of to_string
6. delete TZM map

---

Detailed Information:

1. New Settings (with their definitions):

("date_format_style", DefaultSettingValue {
    value: UserSettingValue::String("MySQL".to_owned()),
    desc: "Sets the date format style(Used by datetime functions). Available values include \"MySQL\",  \"Oracle\".",
    mode: SettingMode::Both,
    scope: SettingScope::Both,
    range: Some(SettingRange::String(vec!["Oracle".into(), "MySQL".into()])),
}),
                
("week_start", DefaultSettingValue {
    value: UserSettingValue::UInt64(1),
    desc: "Specifies the first day of the week.(Used by week-related date functions)",
    mode: SettingMode::Both,
    scope: SettingScope::Both,
    range: Some(SettingRange::Numeric(0..=1)),
}),

4. Oracle Date Format Mappings (when date_format_style is Oracle):

let mut mappings = vec![
      ("YYYY", "%Y"),
      ("YY", "%y"),
      ("MMMM", "%B"),
      ("MON", "%b"),
      ("MM", "%m"),
      ("DD", "%d"),
      ("DY", "%a"),
      ("HH24", "%H"),
      ("HH12", "%I"),
      ("AM", "%p"),
      ("PM", "%p"),
      ("MI", "%M"),
      ("SS", "%S"),
      ("FF", "%f"),
      ("UUUU", "%G"),
      ("TZHTZM", "%z"),
      ("TZH:TZM", "%z"),
      ("TZH", "%:::z"),
  ];

in sf:

select TO_CHAR('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMM'), TO_CHAR('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMMON') , TO_CHAR('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMMM')
----
04m | April | April

In Databend

settings (date_format_style='Oracle') select to_string('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMM') , to_string('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMMON') , to_string('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MMMM')
----
04M 04MON April


settings (date_format_style = 'Oracle') select to_string('2024-04-05'::DATE, 'MM MON')
----
04 Apr

• fixes: feat: Enhance time functions #18024

Tests

• Unit Test
• Logic Test
• Benchmark Test
• No Test - Explain why

Type of change

• Bug Fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking Change (fix or feature that could cause existing functionality not to work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Other (please describe):

---

This change is 

[wubx]

#v1.2.743-nightly-70290f1a01

 select to_date('20250124', 'yyyymmdd') dt, to_char(dt,'yyyymmdd'), date_trunc('year',dt), trunc(dt,'year'),last_day(dt);

select to_date('20250124', 'yyyymmdd') dt, to_char(dt,'yyyymmdd'), date_trunc('year',dt), trunc(dt,'year'),last_day(dt)

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│     dt     │ to_char(dt, 'yyyymmdd') │ DATE_TRUNC(YEAR, dt) │ DATE_TRUNC(YEAR, dt) │ LAST_DAY(dt, MONTH) │
│    Date    │          String         │         Date         │         Date         │         Date        │
├────────────┼─────────────────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────────────┼─────────────────────┤
│ 2025-01-24 │ 20250124                │ 2025-01-01           │ 2025-01-01           │ 2025-01-31          │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
1 row read in 0.121 sec. Processed 1 row, 1 B (8.26 rows/s, 8 B/s)

LGTM

[github-actions]

Docker Image for PR

• tag: pr-18027-ea94694-1748505505

note: this image tag is only available for internal use.