Add support for components V2

[freya022]

Pull Request Etiquette

• I have checked the PRs for upcoming features/bug fixes.
• I have read the contributing guidelines.

Changes

• Internal code
• Library interface (affecting end-user code)
• Documentation
• Other: _____

Closes Issue: NaN

Description

This adds the new component system (aka Components V2).

API docs:

1. https://discord.com/developers/docs/change-log#introducing-new-components-for-messages
2. https://discord.com/developers/docs/change-log#raised-component-limits
3. https://discord.com/developers/docs/components/overview

Examples: ComponentsV2Example.java

Make sure to give your opinion on the JDA dev thread.

Supersedes #2806.

Installation (Preview)

You can use the "Using new features" guide from the JDA wiki.

Alternatively, you can get the newest version for your favorite tool, by using the /jitpack pr command in the JDA Discord server. You can use the Update PR button to merge the latest changes if necessary (note that it may not update it if there are conflicts).

Migration (Preview)

I've written an OpenRewrite recipe to update most (if not all) breaking changes.

Requirements

• Use a release JDA version (i.e., the group ID must be net.dv8tion)
• Your current code must compile

Usage

As with any migration tool, it is highly recommended to commit/push your changes before doing anything.

Note: Kotlin 2.X is not supported by OpenRewrite yet, however 1.X should work.

(Kotlin) Gradle

plugins {
    // ...
    id("org.openrewrite.rewrite") version "7.4.1"
}

repositories {
    // ...
    maven("https://jitpack.io")
}

dependencies {
    // Existing JDA dependency
    // ...

    rewrite("io.github.freya022:JDA:{{latest commit hash}}")
    rewrite("org.openrewrite.recipe:rewrite-java-dependencies:1.32.1")
}

rewrite {
    activeRecipe("net.dv8tion.MigrateComponentsV2")
}

Checking changes (dry run)

Run the rewriteDryRun task, this can be done by pressing CTRL twice on IntelliJ then running gradle rewriteDryRun.
This will generate a diff file at build/reports/rewrite/rewrite.patch, you can check the possible changes there.

Applying changes

Run the rewriteRun task.

Maven

1. Add the following repository:

<repository>
    <id>jitpack</id>
    <url>https://jitpack.io</url>
</repository>

4. Add the following plugin:

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.openrewrite.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>rewrite-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>6.6.1</version>
  <configuration>
    <activeRecipes>
      <recipe>net.dv8tion.MigrateComponentsV2</recipe>
    </activeRecipes>
  </configuration>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.openrewrite.recipe</groupId>
      <artifactId>rewrite-java-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>1.32.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.github.freya022</groupId>
      <artifactId>JDA</artifactId>
      <version>{{latest commit hash}}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</plugin>

Checking changes (dry run)

Run the rewrite:dryRun goal, this can be done by pressing CTRL twice on IntelliJ then running mvn rewrite:dryRun.
This will generate a diff file at target/site/rewrite/rewrite.patch, you can check the possible changes there.

Applying changes

Run the rewrite:run goal.

You can then set the JDA dependency, as JDA 6.0.0 is not released.

It is recommended to optimize imports (Code | Optimize imports in IntelliJ) after migrating.

[MrPowerGamerBR]

This causes a NullPointerException when creating a message that has a media gallery item

jda-ktx calls MediaGalleryItem.fromUrl(url), which that calls the MediaGalleryItemImpl(String url) constructor, and the media parameter is set to null

        final String mediaUrl;
        if (this.media != null) {
            final String fileName = Helpers.getLastPathSegment(media.getUrl());
            mediaUrl = "attachment://" + fileName;
        } else {
            mediaUrl = this.url;
        }

        return DataObject.empty()
                .put("media", DataObject.empty().put("url", mediaUrl))
                .put("description", description)
                .put("spoiler", spoiler);

[MrPowerGamerBR]

Keep in mind that there is also other NPE related to the media.getUrl() change, here's another stacktrace

java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "net.dv8tion.jda.api.components.ResolvedMedia.getUrl()" because "this.media" is null
	at net.dv8tion.jda.internal.components.mediagallery.MediaGalleryItemImpl.getFiles(MediaGalleryItemImpl.java:98)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$7$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:273)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:197)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1708)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:151)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:174)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:596)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$7$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:276)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:197)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179)
	at java.base/java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:133)
	at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1939)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:921)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:682)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.api.utils.messages.MessageEditData.getAdditionalFiles(MessageEditData.java:373)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.api.utils.messages.MessageEditData.toData(MessageEditData.java:339)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.internal.requests.restaction.WebhookMessageEditActionImpl.finalizeData(WebhookMessageEditActionImpl.java:56)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.internal.requests.RestActionImpl.submit(RestActionImpl.java:212)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.internal.requests.restaction.TriggerRestAction.submit(TriggerRestAction.java:123)
	at net.dv8tion.jda.api.requests.RestAction.submit(RestAction.java:703)
	at net.perfectdreams.loritta.morenitta.utils.extensions.JDAExtensionsKt.await(JDAExtensions.kt:34)
	at net.perfectdreams.loritta.morenitta.interactions.UnleashedHook$InteractionHook.editOriginal(UnleashedHook.kt:12)
	at net.perfectdreams.loritta.morenitta.interactions.UnleashedHook$InteractionHook.editOriginal(UnleashedHook.kt:15)
	at net.perfectdreams.loritta.morenitta.interactions.vanilla.fun.GiveawayBuilderScreen$Appearance$render$editGiveawayImageButton$1.invokeSuspend(GiveawayBuilderScreen.kt:477)
	at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith$$$capture(ContinuationImpl.kt:33)
	at kotlin.coroutines.jvm.internal.BaseContinuationImpl.resumeWith(ContinuationImpl.kt)
	at kotlinx.coroutines.DispatchedTask.run(DispatchedTask.kt:100)
	at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler.runSafely(CoroutineScheduler.kt:586)
	at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.executeTask(CoroutineScheduler.kt:829)
	at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.runWorker(CoroutineScheduler.kt:717)
	at kotlinx.coroutines.scheduling.CoroutineScheduler$Worker.run(CoroutineScheduler.kt:704)
	```

[FelixTPG]

Minn sorting out