Add cmake configs for ASAN, TSAN, UBSAN and gperftools CPU Profiler

[cgkantidis]

To run the profiler, after building the PROFILE config, run:

CPUPROFILE=prof.out /path/to/build/PROFILE/duplo files.txt duplo.json
pprof --lines --web /path/to/build/PROFILE/duplo prof.out

[dlidstrom]

I assume using cmake as usual will not add profiling. How does one invoke cmake to add these build settings?

[cgkantidis]

Your assumption is correct.

In Linux, the default generator used by cmake is Unix Makefiles, which is a single-config generator, so you need to specify the config through CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE, which defaults to "Debug".

So, using Unix Makefiles as Generator, if you want to build a Debug, an ASAN and a PROFILE build, you do it like so:

cmake -B build-debug -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
cmake --build build-debug
cmake -B build-asan -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=ASAN
cmake --build build-asan
cmake -B build-profile -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=PROFILE
cmake --build build-profile

Linux also supports multi-config builds, through the "Ninja Multi-Config" generator (see cmake --help for a list of available generators).

In that case you have a single build directory, and you can build multiple configs in there:

cmake -G 'Ninja Multi-Config' -B build
cmake --build build
cmake --build build --config ASAN
cmake --build build --config PROFILE

I believe Visual Studio is a multi-config generator, and you can select through a drop-down menu the config you want to build. But I've never used VS, so I can't attest to that.

In any case, this commit doesn't change any default config.

It just makes more configs available.

[cgkantidis]

Something else I should note is that we add the configs only when not using MSVC, because MSVC doesn't have TSAN and UBSAN support.

I think it does have ASAN support (see https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/sanitizers/asan?view=msvc-170) but since I'm not using Windows I cannot validate that it would work.

I'm also not sure if gperftools are available on Windows.

[dlidstrom]

I'm fine with Linux/Unix only for these advanced use cases. This is all very interesting and I've learnt a lot about cmake from you (and earlier contributors too should be noted). Thank you!
I'll merge this 👍🏻