feat(mcp): enhance server management with resource handling and trans…

[kaikongbj]

This pull request includes several updates and improvements to the MCP (Model Context Protocol) integration within the Theia framework. The changes primarily focus on enhancing the MCP server management capabilities, updating dependencies, and improving error handling.

Dependency Updates:

• Updated the dependency version for @modelcontextprotocol/sdk in package.json to use a caret (^) to allow for minor version updates.

Error Handling Improvements:

• Modified various methods in MCPCommandContribution to use await with messageService calls for better error handling and user feedback. [1] [2] [3] [4]

MCP Server Enhancements:

• Added new methods listResources and readResource to the MCPServer and MCPServerManager interfaces to support resource listing and reading functionalities. [1] [2] [3] [4]
• Introduced support for SSE (Server-Sent Events) transport in MCPServer with corresponding logic to handle different transport types (stdio and sse). [1] [2] [3] [4]

Code Refactoring:

• Simplified import statements in mcp-command-contribution.ts by using a more concise path for MCPFrontendService and MCPServerStatus.
• Improved error handling in MCPServer by specifying the error type as Error and handling unknown errors gracefully.

setup example

"ai-features.mcp.mcpServers": {
"plugin": {
"args": [],
"autostart": false,
"command": "plugin",
"env": {
"sseUrl": "http://127.0.0.1:13532/sse"
},
"name": "plugin"
}"

[JonasHelming]

Thank you for the contribution!
Great that you have signed the ECA!

I left some comments on the closed variant of this (#15233):

1. Could you add information on how to test this? I.e. how to set up a (ideally standard node-based) MCP server this way.
   Does it also make sense to allow the user to configure such servers or should this be an "API-only" feature?

2. Having the transport Type and the sseUrl as separate variables is maybe not optimal, if you use SSE as a transport type, the url is mandatory. As we currently support two transport types, I would either
   a) Only provide the seeURL and if it is set we use SSE
   b) Include the transport specific parameters (env and URL) into a transportType object (with two versions)

The second options seems cleaner to me, as env is ignored for SSE. This way, the API makes it very clear what parameters you can provide

[JonasHelming]

Suggested change

	"@modelcontextprotocol/sdk": "^1.0.1"
	"@modelcontextprotocol/sdk": "^1.0.1",

This breaks the build

[JonasHelming]

We log two messages before we start a server now. I think we can combine it to one covering both cases. What I mean: I would merge the content of the two messages below into the message here so that we get only one log message including all information (the URL for SSE, the command, args and env for stdio)

[JonasHelming]

Suggested change

console.log(this.autostart);

This was there before, but we could remove it.

[JonasHelming]

Thank you for iterating on the changes!

Question: Is there any publicly available MCP server supporting SSE we can use to test this? The example you provide just refers to "plugin".

Comment: You moved the sseURL to an environment variable now, which does not seem like a good fit. If you use SSE, you do not need command, args, env. So I would be in favor of making this explicit.

The user preferences could look like below then (mcp-preferences.ts). The interface MCPServerDescription (in mcp-server-manager.ts) could have two sub types then for the two variants. They are read from the preferences in mcp-forntend-application-contribution.ts

This would make the user configuration and the handling of the two differen types of severs pretty clean I believe, WDYT?

additionalProperties: {
        oneOf: [
          {
            type: 'object',
            properties: {
              command: {
                type: 'string',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/command/title', 'Command to execute the MCP server'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/command/mdDescription', 'The command used to start the MCP server, e.g., "uvx" or "npx".')
              },
              args: {
                type: 'array',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/args/title', 'Arguments for the command'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/args/mdDescription', 'An array of arguments to pass to the command.'),
              },
              env: {
                type: 'object',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/env/title', 'Environment variables'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/env/mdDescription', 'Optional environment variables to set for the server, such as an API key.'),
                additionalProperties: {
                  type: 'string'
                }
              },
              autostart: {
                type: 'boolean',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/autostart/title', 'Autostart'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/autostart/mdDescription',
                  'Automatically start this server when the frontend starts. Newly added servers are not immediately auto started, but on restart'),
                default: true
              }
            },
            required: ['command', 'args']
          },
          {
            type: 'object',
            properties: {
              sseUrl: {
                type: 'string',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/sseUrl/title', 'Server-Sent Events URL'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/sseUrl/mdDescription', 'The URL for the server-sent events from the remote MCP server.')
              },
              autostart: {
                type: 'boolean',
                title: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/autostart/title', 'Autostart'),
                markdownDescription: nls.localize('theia/ai/mcp/servers/autostart/mdDescription',
                  'Automatically connect to this server when the frontend starts. Newly added servers are not immediately auto started, but on restart'),
                default: true
              }
            },
            required: ['sseUrl']
          }
        ]
      }