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‎Manuals/Bibliography/FDS_general.bib‎

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@@ -6257,11 +6257,23 @@ @TECHREPORT{Sung:TN2019
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}
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@TECHREPORT{Sung:TN2021,
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author = {K. Sung and A. Hamins},
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author = {K. Sung and R. Falkenstein-Smith and A. Hamins},
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title = {{Velocity and Temperature Structure of Medium-Scale Pool Fires}},
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institution = {National Institute of Standards and Technology},
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year = {2021},
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number = {in preparation},
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month = {June},
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number = {2162},
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type = {NIST Technical Note},
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address = {Gaithersburg, Maryland}
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}
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@TECHREPORT{Sung:TN2162r1,
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author = {K. Sung and R. Falkenstein-Smith and M. Bundy and M. Fernandez and A. Hamins},
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title = {{The Global and Local Structure of Medium-Scale Pool Fires}},
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institution = {National Institute of Standards and Technology},
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year = {2024},
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month = {October},
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number = {2162r1},
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type = {NIST Technical Note},
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address = {Gaithersburg, Maryland}
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}

‎Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Experiment_Chapter.tex‎

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@@ -2148,24 +2148,24 @@ \section{NIST Polymers}
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\section{NIST Pool Fire Experiments}
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\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Description}
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2151-
The NIST Pool Fire Experiments include temperature, species concentration, velocity, and heat flux measurements of 30~cm and 100~cm diameter circular liquid fuel fires, and 37~cm gaseous burner fires.
2151+
The NIST Pool Fire Experiments include temperature, species concentration, velocity, and heat flux measurements of 30~cm and 100~cm diameter circular liquid fuel fires, and 37~cm gaseous burner fires. The 30~cm and 37~cm fires are documented in Ref.~\cite{Sung:TN2162r1}.
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The 30~cm burner is 15~cm deep and has a wall thickness of 1.6~mm. The burner is fitted with legs such that the burner rim is positioned 30~cm above the floor. The bottom of the burner is maintained at a constant temperature by flowing tap water (nominally 20~$^\circ$C) through a 3~cm section on the bottom of the fuel pan. The dimensions of the circular burner are similar to Weckman's methanol experiment described in Sec.~\ref{Waterloo_Methanol_Description}.
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2155-
The 100~cm burner is also 15~cm deep, has a wall thickness of 1.6~mm, and is water-cooled.
2155+
The 37~cm burner is actually 38~cm in diameter with an effective diameter of 37~cm. It is water cooled, and the surface temperature is maintained at approximately 40~$^\circ$C. The measured fuel flow rate for the methane fire was 0.69~g/s and its estimated HRR was 34.5~kW. The heat release rates of the three propane fires were 20~kW, 34~kW, and 50~kW.
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2157-
The 37~cm burner is actually 38~cm in diameter with an effective diameter of 37~cm. It is water cooled, and the surface temperature is maintained at approximately 40~$^\circ$C. The measured fuel flow rate for the methane fire was 0.69~g/s and its estimated HRR was 34.5~kW. The heat release rates of the two propane fires were 20~kW and 34~kW.
2157+
The 100~cm burner is also 15~cm deep, has a wall thickness of 1.6~mm, and is water-cooled.
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21592159
Details and references with regard to the plume temperature measurements are given in Sec.~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Plume_Temps}. Details on the heat flux measurements are given in Sec.~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Heat_Flux_Results}. Details on the gas species measurements is given in Sec.~\ref{sec:NIST_Pool_Fires}. Details on the velocity measurements is given in Sec.~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity}.
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21622162
\subsubsection{Modeling Notes}
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2164-
The 30~cm pool fires are modeled at three different grid resolutions---2~cm, 1~cm, and 0.5~cm. The 100~cm pool fires are modeled at 4~cm, 2~cm, and 1~cm resolution. The mass loss rate of the fuel is specified.
2164+
The 30~cm and 37~cm fires are modeled at three different grid resolutions---2~cm, 1~cm, and 0.5~cm. The 100~cm methanol pool fire is modeled at 4~cm, 2~cm, and 1~cm resolution. The mass loss rate of the fuel is specified for the 30~cm and 37~cm fires, and both predicted and specified for the 100~cm fire.
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21662166
A two-step reaction mechanism is implemented. In the first reaction, fuel is converted to CO, soot, H$_2$, and H$_2$O. In the second reaction, the CO, soot, and H$_2$ are converted to CO$_2$ and H$_2$O. Both reactions employ fast kinetics, but proceed in series, not in parallel. The relative amounts of CO, soot, and H$_2$ produced in the first step are still subjects of study, and for the moment have been estimated based on measured results. The fractions of carbon atoms converted to CO in the first step are as follows---0.85 for acetone; 0.95 for ethanol; 0.97 for methane; 1.0 for methanol; 0.85 for propane. For all fuels, one half of the hydrogen atoms are converted to H$_2$ in the first step.
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2168-
The radiative fractions are specified based on measured values---0.31 for acetone; 0.26 for ethanol; 0.15 for methane; 0.21 for 1~m methanol; 0.22 for 30~cm methanol; 0.22 for propane.
2168+
The radiative fractions are specified based on reported values from Ref.~\cite{Sung:TN2162r1}---0.31 for acetone; 0.26 for ethanol; 0.35 for heptane; 0.21 for methane; 0.21 for 1~m methanol; 0.23 for 30~cm methanol; 0.23, 0.30, and 0.33 for the 20~kW, 34~kW, and 50~kW propane fires, respectively.
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\section{NIST Smoke Alarm Experiments}

‎Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Plume_Chapter.tex‎

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@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ \subsection{NIST Pool Fires}
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Details of the NIST Pool Fires experiments and modeling are found in Sec.~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Description}. On the following pages are comparisons of predicted and measured temperatures at various locations in and around liquid and gaseous pool fires.
216216
\begin{itemize}
217-
\item Figures~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_1} and \ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_2} display centerline profiles of mean and rms temperature for 30~cm diameter acetone, ethanol, and methanol liquid pool fires; and 37~cm methane and propane gaseous fires~\cite{Falkenstein-Smith:2019}.
218-
\item Figure~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_3} displays radial profiles of mean and rms temperature for a 30~cm methanol fire at heights of $z=3$~cm (mean only), $z=30$~cm (mean only), $z=41$~cm, $z=51$~cm, and $z=61$~cm. The profiles at 3~cm and 30~cm are from Ref.~\cite{Hamins:TN1928} and the others are from Ref.~\cite{Sung:TN2021}.
217+
\item Figures~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_1} and \ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_2} display centerline profiles of mean and rms temperature for 30~cm diameter acetone, ethanol, heptane, and methanol liquid pool fires; and 37~cm methane and propane gaseous fires~\cite{Sung:TN2162r1}.
218+
\item Figure~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_3} displays radial profiles of mean and rms temperature for a 30~cm methanol fire at heights of $z=3$~cm (mean only), $z=30$~cm (mean only), $z=41$~cm, $z=51$~cm, and $z=61$~cm. The profiles at 3~cm and 30~cm are from Ref.~\cite{Hamins:TN1928} and the others are from Ref.~\cite{Sung:TN2162r1}.
219219
\item Figures~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Plume_Temps_1} and \ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Plume_Temps_2} display centerline and radial profiles of mean and rms temperature for a 100~cm methanol fire. The radial profiles are located at heights of $z=20$~cm, $z=60$~cm, $z=100$~cm, $z=140$~cm, and $z=180$~cm~\cite{Sung:TN2019}.
220220
\end{itemize}
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@@ -227,25 +227,28 @@ \subsection{NIST Pool Fires}
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Acetone_T_CL_RMS} \\
228228
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_T_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_T_CL_RMS} \\
230-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_T_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_T_CL_RMS}
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Heptane_T_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Heptane_T_CL_RMS} \\
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_T_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_T_CL_RMS}
232234
\end{tabular*}
233-
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature, acetone, ethanol, methane]
234-
{NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature profiles, 30~cm acetone, 30~cm ethanol, 37~cm methane.}
235+
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature, acetone, ethanol, heptane, methanol]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature profiles, 30~cm pan, acetone, ethanol, heptane, and methanol.}
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\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_1}
236237
\end{figure}
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\begin{figure}[p]
239240
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
240-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_T_CL} &
241-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_T_CL_RMS} \\
241+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_T_CL} &
242+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_T_CL_RMS} \\
242243
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_T_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_T_CL_RMS} \\
244245
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_T_CL} &
245-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_T_CL_RMS}
246+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_T_CL_RMS} \\
247+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_T_CL} &
248+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_T_CL_RMS}
246249
\end{tabular*}
247-
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature, methanol and propane]
248-
{NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature profiles, 30~cm methanol and 37~cm propane.}
250+
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature, 37~cm pan, methane and propane]
251+
{NIST Pool Fires, centerline temperature profiles, 37~cm pan, methane and propane.}
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\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Temperature_2}
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\end{figure}
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‎Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Species_Chapter.tex‎

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\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline product species, propane, 34 kW]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline product species, propane, 34 kW.}
18751875
\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Propane_34kW}
18761876
\end{figure}
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1878+
\begin{figure}[p]
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\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_O2_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_Fuel_CL} \\
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_CO2_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_CO_CL} \\
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_H2O_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_H2_CL} \\
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_N2_CL} &
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\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_Soot_CL}
1888+
\end{tabular*}
1889+
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline product species, propane, 50 kW]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline product species, propane, 50 kW.}
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\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Propane_50kW}
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\end{figure}
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18771893
\clearpage
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1879-
%\subsection{PRISME DOOR Experiments}
1880-
%
1881-
%Each compartment in the PRISME DOOR experiments contained carbon monoxide measurements in the upper (haut) and lower (bas) layers.
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%
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%\begin{figure}[!ht]
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%\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D1_Room_1_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D2_Room_1_CO} \\
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D3_Room_1_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D4_Room_1_CO} \\
1889-
%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D5_Room_1_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D6_Room_1_CO}
1891-
%\end{tabular*}
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%\label{PRISME_CO_1}
1893-
%\end{figure}
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%
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%\begin{figure}[p]
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%\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D1_Room_2_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D2_Room_2_CO} \\
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D3_Room_2_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D4_Room_2_CO} \\
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D5_Room_2_CO} &
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%\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/PRISME/PRS_D6_Room_2_CO}
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%\end{tabular*}
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%\label{PRISME_CO_2}
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%\end{figure}
1906-
%
1907-
%\clearpage
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\subsection{Summary, Products of Incomplete Combustion}
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\label{Carbon Monoxide Concentration}

‎Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Velocity_Chapter.tex‎

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\section{NIST Pool Fires}
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\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity}
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% THE CL RMS VELOCITIES ARE CURRENTLY UNDER INVESTIGATTION...
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% Figures~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_1} and \ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_2} display centerline profiles of mean and rms vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone, ethanol, and methanol pool fires; and 37~cm methane and propane gas burners~\cite{Sung:TN2021}.
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% \begin{figure}[!h]
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% \begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
315-
% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Acetone_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Acetone_w_CL_RMS} \\
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_w_CL_RMS} \\
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_w_CL_RMS}
321-
% \end{tabular*}
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% \caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline velocity]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline profiles of mean and rms vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone and ethanol liquid pool fires; and a 37~cm methane gaseous fire.}
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% \label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_1}
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% \end{figure}
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% \newpage
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% \begin{figure}[p]
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% \begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_w_CL_RMS} \\
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_w_CL_RMS} \\
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_w_CL} &
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% \includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_w_CL_RMS}
336-
% \end{tabular*}
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% \caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline velocity]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline profiles of mean and rms vertical velocity for a 30~cm methanol fire; and 37~cm propane fires of 20~kW and 34~kW.}
338-
% \label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_2}
339-
% \end{figure}
340-
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Figure~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_1} displays centerline profiles of mean vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone, ethanol, and methanol pool fires; and 37~cm methane and propane gas burners~\cite{Sung:TN2021}.
309+
Figure~\ref{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_1} displays centerline profiles of mean vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone, ethanol, heptane, and methanol pool fires; and 37~cm methane and propane gas burners~\cite{Sung:TN2162r1}.
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343311
\begin{figure}[!h]
344312
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}r}
345313
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Acetone_w_CL} &
314+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_w_CL} \\
315+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Heptane_w_CL} &
346316
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methanol_w_CL} \\
347-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Ethanol_w_CL} &
348-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_w_CL} \\
349-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_w_CL} &
350-
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_w_CL}
317+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Methane_w_CL} &
318+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_20kW_w_CL} \\
319+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_34kW_w_CL} &
320+
\includegraphics[height=2.15in]{SCRIPT_FIGURES/NIST_Pool_Fires/NIST_Propane_50kW_w_CL}
351321
\end{tabular*}
352-
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline velocity]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline profiles of mean vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone, methanol, and ethanol liquid pool fires, a 37~cm methane fire, and propane fires of 20~kW and 34~kW.}
322+
\caption[NIST Pool Fires, centerline velocity]{NIST Pool Fires, centerline profiles of mean vertical velocity for 30~cm acetone, ethanol, heptane, and methanol liquid pool fires, a 37~cm methane fire, and propane fires of 20~kW, 34~kW, and 50~kW.}
353323
\label{NIST_Pool_Fires_Velocity_1}
354324
\end{figure}
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