Portainer CE 2.39.1 LTS through Alpine-based image and without the built-in Auth Proxy

[DavidGarciaCat]

Closes #5306

This PR sets two main changes:

• Disables the Umbrel OS Auth Proxy because:
  • It prevents machine-to-machine comms
  • Portainer already has an internal database of users + it can connect to other OAuth/OpenID services
• Replaces the current docker image with a new one, keeping the same LTS version but based on Alpine Linux

Related links:

• Issue [ Replace Container ] Portainer with Alpine-based version #5306
• PR Upgrade to portainer-ce:2.40.0-alpine #5307, which will be closed to preserve the LTS version

[github-actions]

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Linting Results

Severity	File	Description
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Mounted file/directory "/portainer/data/docker" doesn't exist: The volume "${APP_DATA_DIR}/data/docker:/data" tries to mount the file/directory "/portainer/data/docker", but it is not present. This can lead to permission errors!
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Mounted file/directory "/portainer/data/portainer" doesn't exist: The volume "${APP_DATA_DIR}/data/portainer:/data" tries to mount the file/directory "/portainer/data/portainer", but it is not present. This can lead to permission errors!
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Mounted file/directory "/portainer/data/docker" doesn't exist: The volume "${APP_DATA_DIR}/data/docker:/var/run" tries to mount the file/directory "/portainer/data/docker", but it is not present. This can lead to permission errors!
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Potentially using unsafe user in service "docker": The default container user "root" can lead to security vulnerabilities. If you are using the root user, please try to specify a different user (e.g. "1000:1000") in the compose file or try to set the UID/PUID and GID/PGID environment variables to 1000.
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Potentially using unsafe user in service "portainer": The default container user "root" can lead to security vulnerabilities. If you are using the root user, please try to specify a different user (e.g. "1000:1000") in the compose file or try to set the UID/PUID and GID/PGID environment variables to 1000.
ℹ️	portainer/docker-compose.yml	Service "docker" uses host network mode: The host network mode can lead to security vulnerabilities. If possible please use the default bridge network mode and expose the necessary ports.

Legend

Symbol	Description
❌	Error: This must be resolved before this PR can be merged.
⚠️	Warning: This is highly encouraged to be resolved, but is not strictly mandatory.
ℹ️	Info: This is just for your information.