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Add OracleDB support to golang-migrate #1230

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add suport oracle
JailtonJunior94 Feb 13, 2025
8382d2c
oracle: address all code review findings from PR #1230
JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion Makefile
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
SOURCE ?= file go_bindata github github_ee bitbucket aws_s3 google_cloud_storage godoc_vfs gitlab
DATABASE ?= postgres mysql redshift cassandra spanner cockroachdb yugabytedb clickhouse mongodb sqlserver firebird neo4j pgx pgx5 rqlite
DATABASE_TEST ?= $(DATABASE) sqlite sqlite3 sqlcipher
DATABASE_TEST ?= $(DATABASE) sqlite sqlite3 sqlcipher oracle
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This adds oracle to DATABASE_TEST, so it will be included in make test, but oracle is still missing from the DATABASE list used by make build/build-cli tags. If Oracle support is intended to ship with the CLI, add oracle to DATABASE as well (database/driver.go also documents this requirement).

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. Added oracle to the DATABASE list in the Makefile so it is included in make build / build-cli. The sijms/go-ora driver is pure Go (CGO_ENABLED=0 compatible), so this doesn't break static builds.

VERSION ?= $(shell git describe --tags 2>/dev/null | cut -c 2-)
TEST_FLAGS ?=
REPO_OWNER ?= $(shell cd .. && basename "$$(pwd)")
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3 changes: 2 additions & 1 deletion README.md
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Expand Up @@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ Database drivers run migrations. [Add a new database?](database/driver.go)
* [Firebird](database/firebird)
* [MS SQL Server](database/sqlserver)
* [rqlite](database/rqlite)

* [Oracle](database/oracle)
*
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There’s an empty list item here (* with no text). Remove the blank bullet to keep the driver list formatting clean.

Suggested change
*

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. The blank bullet point after the Oracle entry has been removed.

### Database URLs

Database connection strings are specified via URLs. The URL format is driver dependent but generally has the form: `dbdriver://username:password@host:port/dbname?param1=true&param2=false`
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110 changes: 110 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/README.md
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# oracle

The supported oracle specific options can be configured in the query section of the oracle
URL `oracle://user:password@host:port/ServiceName?query`

| URL Query | WithInstance Config | Description |
|--------------------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `x-migrations-table` | `MigrationsTable` | Name of the migrations table in UPPER case |
| `x-multi-stmt-enabled` | `MultiStmtEnabled` | If the migration files are in multi-statements style |
| `x-multi-stmt-separator` | `MultiStmtSeparator` | a single line which use as the token to spilt multiple statements in single migration file, triple-dash separator `---` |

## Write migration files

There are two ways to write the migration files,

1. Single statement file in which it contains only one SQL statement or one PL/SQL statement(Default)
2. Multi statements file in which it can have multi statements(can be SQL or PL/SQL or mixed)

### Single statement file

Oracle godor driver support process one statement at a time, so it is natural to support single statement per file as
the default.
Check the [single statement migration files](examples/migrations) as an example.

### Multi statements file

Although the golang oracle driver [godror](https://github.com/godror/godror) does not natively support executing
multiple
statements in a single query, it's more friendly and handy to support multi statements in a single migration file in
some case,
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The README describes the driver as godor/godror, but this implementation imports github.com/sijms/go-ora/v2. The docs should name the actual driver used (or switch the implementation) to avoid confusing users about required dependencies and behavior (e.g., multi-statement support).

Suggested change
Oracle godor driver support process one statement at a time, so it is natural to support single statement per file as
the default.
Check the [single statement migration files](examples/migrations) as an example.
### Multi statements file
Although the golang oracle driver [godror](https://github.com/godror/godror) does not natively support executing
multiple
statements in a single query, it's more friendly and handy to support multi statements in a single migration file in
some case,
The Oracle [go-ora](https://github.com/sijms/go-ora) driver supports processing one statement at a time, so it is natural to support a single statement per file as
the default.
Check the [single statement migration files](examples/migrations) as an example.
### Multi statements file
Although the Oracle driver used by this package, [go-ora](https://github.com/sijms/go-ora), does not natively support executing
multiple
statements in a single query, it's more friendly and handy to support multi statements in a single migration file in
some cases,

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. The README now correctly references sijms/go-ora (the actual driver imported by this package) instead of godror/godror in both the single-statement and multi-statement sections.

so the multi statements can be separated with a line separator(default to triple-dash separator ---), for example:

```
statement 1
---
statement 2
```

Check the [multi statements' migration files](examples/migrations-multistmt) as an example.

## Supported & tested version

- 18-xe

## Build cli

```bash
$ cd /path/to/repo/dir
$ go build -tags 'oracle' -o bin/migrate github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/cli
```

## Run test code

There are two ways to run the test code:

- Run the test code locally with an existing Oracle Instance(Recommended)
- Run the test code inside a container just like CI, It will require to start an Oracle container every time, and it's
very time expense.

### Run the test code locally with an existing Oracle Instance
Comment on lines +19 to +60
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There are multiple typos/grammar issues in this section (e.g. "godor", "spilt", "some case", "very time expense"). Please correct them for clarity in the driver documentation.

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Fixed. Corrected all typos and grammar issues: "godor" → "sijms/go-ora", "spilt" → "split", "some case" → "some cases", "very time expense" → "very time-consuming".


1. Start the `Oracle Database Instance` via docker first, so that you can reuse whenever you want to run the test code.

```bash
$ cat docker-compose.yaml
---
services:
oracle-db:
container_name: oracle-db
image: gvenzl/oracle-free:23.5-slim
environment:
ORACLE_PASSWORD: SuperPassword@2025
ports:
- 1521:1521
healthcheck:
test: ["CMD", "healthcheck.sh"]
interval: 10s
timeout: 5s
retries: 10
start_period: 5s
start_interval: 5s
volumes:
- ${HOME}/database/oracle/testdata/init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
```

2. Go into the sqlplus console

```bash
$ docker exec -it orclxe bash
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This docker-compose example uses container_name: oracle-db, but the next step runs docker exec -it orclxe ..., which won’t work as written. Update the command to match the declared container name (or update the compose snippet) so the instructions are runnable.

Suggested change
$ docker exec -it orclxe bash
$ docker exec -it oracle-db bash

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Fixed. Updated the docker exec command to use oracle-db to match the container_name declared in the compose snippet.

# su oracle
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
```

3. Create a test DB

```sql
alter session set container=FREEPDB1;
create user orcl identified by orcl;
grant dba to orcl;
grant create session to orcl;
grant connect, resource to orcl;
grant all privileges to orcl;
```

4. Run the test code

```bash
$ cd /path/to/repo/database/oracle/dir
$ ORACLE_DSN=oracle://orcl:orcl@localhost:1521/FREEPDB1 go test -tags "oracle" -race -v -covermode atomic ./... -coverprofile .coverage -timeout 20m
```
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1085649617_create_users_table.down.sql
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS_MS;
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or checks USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS_MS;
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE USERS_MS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises for any other error.

---
17 changes: 17 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1085649617_create_users_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE USERS_MS (
USER_ID integer unique,
NAME varchar(40),
EMAIL varchar(40)
);

---

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS_MS;
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This statement will fail if the table is absent (and will also make this multi-stmt example misleading). Use a PL/SQL conditional drop that ignores ORA-00942 instead.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS_MS;
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE USERS_MS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL conditional drop block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises any other exception.


---

CREATE TABLE USERS_MS (
USER_ID integer unique,
NAME varchar(40),
EMAIL varchar(40)
);
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1185749658_add_city_to_users.down.sql
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ALTER TABLE USERS_MS DROP COLUMN CITY;
3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1185749658_add_city_to_users.up.sql
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ALTER TABLE USERS_MS ADD CITY varchar(100);
---
ALTER TABLE USERS_MS ADD ALIAS varchar(100);
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1285849751_add_index_on_user_emails.down.sql
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DROP INDEX users_ms_email_index;
---
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1285849751_add_index_on_user_emails.up.sql
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CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_ms_email_index ON users_ms (email);
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1385949617_create_books_table.down.sql
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOKS_MS;
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or checks USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOKS_MS;
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE BOOKS_MS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises for any other error.

---
5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1385949617_create_books_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE BOOKS_MS (
USER_ID integer,
NAME varchar(40),
AUTHOR varchar(40)
);
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1485949617_create_movies_table.down.sql
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MOVIES_MS
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or checks USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MOVIES_MS
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE MOVIES_MS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises for any other error.

5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1485949617_create_movies_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE MOVIES_MS (
USER_ID integer,
NAME varchar(40),
DIRECTOR varchar(40)
);
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1585849751_just_a_comment.up.sql
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations-multistmt/1885849751_another_comment.up.sql
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1085649617_create_users_table.down.sql
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or query USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS USERS
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE USERS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises for any other error.

5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1085649617_create_users_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE USERS (
USER_ID integer unique,
NAME varchar(40),
EMAIL varchar(40)
)
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1185749658_add_city_to_users.down.sql
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ALTER TABLE USERS DROP COLUMN CITY
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1185749658_add_city_to_users.up.sql
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ALTER TABLE USERS ADD CITY varchar(100)
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1285849751_add_index_on_user_emails.down.sql
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DROP INDEX IF EXISTS users_email_index
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP INDEX IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-01418 (index does not exist) or checks USER_INDEXES before dropping.

Suggested change
DROP INDEX IF EXISTS users_email_index
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP INDEX users_email_index';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- ORA-01418: specified index does not exist
IF SQLCODE != -1418 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that uses EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP INDEX users_email_index' and catches ORA-01418 (specified index does not exist), re-raising for any other error code.

1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1285849751_add_index_on_user_emails.up.sql
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CREATE UNIQUE INDEX users_email_index ON users (email)
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1385949617_create_books_table.down.sql
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOKS
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or query USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS BOOKS
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE BOOKS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 and re-raises for any other error.

5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1385949617_create_books_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE BOOKS (
USER_ID integer,
NAME varchar(40),
AUTHOR varchar(40)
)
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1485949617_create_movies_table.down.sql
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MOVIES
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Oracle SQL doesn’t support DROP TABLE IF EXISTS .... This down migration will fail during rollback. Use a PL/SQL block that catches ORA-00942 (or query USER_TABLES) to drop conditionally.

Suggested change
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MOVIES
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE MOVIES';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
IF SQLCODE != -942 THEN
RAISE;
END IF;
END;
/

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@JailtonJunior94 JailtonJunior94 Mar 23, 2026

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Fixed. Replaced with a PL/SQL BEGIN...EXECUTE IMMEDIATE...EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS block that ignores ORA-00942 (table or view does not exist) and re-raises any other error.

5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1485949617_create_movies_table.up.sql
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CREATE TABLE MOVIES (
USER_ID integer,
NAME varchar(40),
DIRECTOR varchar(40)
)
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1585849751_just_a_comment.up.sql
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-- Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean sed interdum velit, tristique iaculis justo. Pellentesque ut porttitor dolor. Donec sit amet pharetra elit. Cras vel ligula ex. Phasellus posuere.
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1685849751_another_comment.up.sql
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-- Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean sed interdum velit, tristique iaculis justo. Pellentesque ut porttitor dolor. Donec sit amet pharetra elit. Cras vel ligula ex. Phasellus posuere.
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions database/oracle/examples/migrations/1785849751_another_comment.up.sql
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-- Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean sed interdum velit, tristique iaculis justo. Pellentesque ut porttitor dolor. Donec sit amet pharetra elit. Cras vel ligula ex. Phasellus posuere.
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-- Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean sed interdum velit, tristique iaculis justo. Pellentesque ut porttitor dolor. Donec sit amet pharetra elit. Cras vel ligula ex. Phasellus posuere.
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