chore(profile): Update istio.io/api package and Go version in profile-controller

[mvlassis]

closes: #82

This PR updates the istio.io/api package to v1.24.5. This will enable us to add targetRefs to AuthorizatonPolicy, needed for Ambient Mesh.

Because go mod tidy changed the go version to 1.22, I also updated the Go version in the Dockerfile to 1.22

Note that updating the same package in the access-management module will be handled in a different task, as mentioned in #82 (comment).

[google-oss-prow]

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[kimwnasptd]

/ok-to-test

[milinddethe15]

/hold

Until the profile-controller' github workflows are transferred to this repo. See: #74