🌱 Bump Go 1.24

[sivchari]

What this PR does / why we need it:

Which issue(s) this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged):
Fixes #

Part of #11642

/area dependency

[k8s-ci-robot]

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[sivchari]

Error: can't load config: the Go language version (go1.23) used to build golangci-lint is lower than the targeted Go version (1.24)
Failed executing command with error: can't load config: the Go language version (go1.23) used to build golangci-lint is lower than the targeted Go version (1.24)

We should merge #12088 at first since the golangci-lint version that Go1.24 is available is only golangci-lint v2.

[k8s-ci-robot]

@sivchari: The following tests failed, say /retest to rerun all failed tests or /retest-required to rerun all mandatory failed tests:

Test name	Commit	Details	Required	Rerun command
pull-cluster-api-verify-main	6a2590d	link	true	/test pull-cluster-api-verify-main
pull-cluster-api-test-main	6a2590d	link	true	/test pull-cluster-api-test-main

Full PR test history. Your PR dashboard. Please help us cut down on flakes by linking to an open issue when you hit one in your PR.

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