update builder Dockerfile to go 1.25

[jackfrancis]

What type of PR is this?

/kind cleanup

What this PR does / why we need it:

builder Dockerfile needs to be in sync with the version of go in CA to avoid errors like this:

docker build --network=default -t autoscaling-builder ../builder
[+] Building 0.8s (9/9) FINISHED                                                                                                                                                                                                    docker:desktop-linux
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                                                                                                0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 891B                                                                                                                                                                                                                0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/golang:1.24.0                                                                                                                                                                                    0.8s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                                                                                                   0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.0s
 => [1/5] FROM docker.io/library/golang:1.24.0@sha256:3f7444391c51a11a039bf0359ee81cc64e663c17d787ad0e637a4de1a3f62a71                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => CACHED [2/5] RUN apt-get update && apt-get --yes install libseccomp-dev                                                                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => CACHED [3/5] RUN go version                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.0s
 => CACHED [4/5] RUN go install github.com/tools/godep@latest                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => CACHED [5/5] RUN godep version                                                                                                                                                                                                                  0.0s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                                                                                                                                             0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:b12ab89e28ee22476e7a17f018e989de83d62a2ab61435e8b1d078f178af4298                                                                                                                                                        0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/autoscaling-builder                                                                                                                                                                                              0.0s

 3 warnings found (use docker --debug to expand):
 - LegacyKeyValueFormat: "ENV key=value" should be used instead of legacy "ENV key value" format (line 17)
 - LegacyKeyValueFormat: "ENV key=value" should be used instead of legacy "ENV key value" format (line 18)
 - LegacyKeyValueFormat: "ENV key=value" should be used instead of legacy "ENV key value" format (line 19)

View build details: docker-desktop://dashboard/build/desktop-linux/desktop-linux/gv0wf29wrz5g7wutnic4i7xsh
rm -f cluster-autoscaler-amd64
docker run  -v `pwd`:/gopath/src/k8s.io/autoscaler/cluster-autoscaler/:Z autoscaling-builder:latest \
		bash -c 'cd /gopath/src/k8s.io/autoscaler/cluster-autoscaler && BUILD_TAGS= LDFLAGS="-s" make build-arch-amd64'
rm -f cluster-autoscaler-amd64
CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o cluster-autoscaler-amd64 --ldflags="-s" 
go: go.mod requires go >= 1.25.0 (running go 1.24.0; GOTOOLCHAIN=local)
make: *** [Makefile:48: build-arch-amd64] Error 1
make: *** [build-in-docker-arch-amd64] Error 2

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?

NONE

Additional documentation e.g., KEPs (Kubernetes Enhancement Proposals), usage docs, etc.:

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: jackfrancis

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[jackfrancis]

/area cluster-autoscaler

[jackfrancis]

/cherry-pick cluster-autoscaler-release-1.35

[k8s-infra-cherrypick-robot]

@jackfrancis: once the present PR merges, I will cherry-pick it on top of cluster-autoscaler-release-1.35 in a new PR and assign it to you.

Details

In response to this:

/cherry-pick cluster-autoscaler-release-1.35

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