Backport go version upgrade to 1.24.9 from master to release-1.28 branch

[adp-825]

What type of PR is this?

Uncomment only one, leave it on its own line:

/kind api-change
/kind bug
/kind cleanup
/kind design
/kind documentation
/kind failing-test
/kind feature
/kind flake

What this PR does / why we need it:
This PR updates Go version to 1.24.9. The change is already present in master and is being backported. This is needed for fixing CVE - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58185

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
This PR updates Go version to 1.24.9. The change is already present in master and is being backported.

Fixes #

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?: None

[k8s-ci-robot]

Adding the "do-not-merge/release-note-label-needed" label because no release-note block was detected, please follow our release note process to remove it.

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[linux-foundation-easycla]

The committers listed above are authorized under a signed CLA.

• ✅ login: adp-825 / name: Aditya Potdar (5bc4b75, 8d31970)
• ✅ login: k8s-ci-robot / name: Kubernetes Prow Robot (876af13)

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[k8s-ci-robot]

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[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @adp-825. Thanks for your PR.

I'm waiting for a github.com member to verify that this patch is reasonable to test. If it is, they should reply with /ok-to-test on its own line. Until that is done, I will not automatically test new commits in this PR, but the usual testing commands by org members will still work. Regular contributors should join the org to skip this step.

Once the patch is verified, the new status will be reflected by the ok-to-test label.

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[k8s-triage-robot]

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/lifecycle stale