Create Position around Management Cluster

sig-multicluster/hub-cluster-position-statement.md

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+# Hub Cluster - SIG Multicluster Position Statement
+
+Author: Corentin Debains (**[@corentone](https://github.com/corentone)**), Google  
+Last Edit: 2025/01/25  
+Status: DRAFT
+
+## Goal
+To establish a standard definition for a central cluster that is leveraged by multicluster 
+controllers to manage multicluster applications or features across an inventory of clusters.
+
+## Context
+Multicluster controllers have always needed a place to run. This may happen in external
+proprietary control-planes but for more generic platforms, it has been natural for the
+Kubernetes community to leverage a Kubernetes Cluster and the existing api-machinery
+available. There has been a variety of examples of which we can quote ArgoCD, MultiKueue, Open Cluster Management
+or any of the Federation effort (Karmada, KubeAdmiral), all of them not-naming the "location"
+where they run or not aligning on the name (Admin cluster, Management Cluster, Command Cluster, Manager Cluster...). 
+The [ClusterInventory](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-multicluster/4322-cluster-inventory/README.md)
+(ClusterProfile CRDs) is also the starting point for a lot of multicluster controllers and, 
+being a CRD, it requires an api-machinery to host it. The functionality of this cluster is also
+defined in separation to what a "workload" cluster does, which is to run the business applications,
+when hub runs infrastructure components.
+
+## Definition
+
+A (multicluster) hub cluster is a Kubernetes cluster that acts as a 
+control-plane for other Kubernetes clusters (named Workload [Execution] Clusters to differentiate
+them). It MUST have the ClusterProfiles written on it MAY have access to the api, metrics or
+workloads of the workload clusters and MAY have administrative privileges over them. It 
+SHOULD not be part of workload clusters or running as mixed mode (workload and hub) to provide a better
+security isolation, especially when it has any administrative privileges over them.
+There MAY be multiple hub clusters overseeing the same set of Workload Clusters
+and it is left to the administrator to guarantee that they don't compete in their
+management tasks. There SHOULD be a single [clusterset](https://multicluster.sigs.k8s.io/api-types/cluster-set/)
+managed by a hub cluster. Hub clusters can be used for multicluster controllers relative to platform-running features,
+for example: managing the clusters, or application-running features, for example: scheduling business
+applications dynamically.
+
+### Rationale on some specific points of the definition
+
+* Multiple hub clusters: While it often makes sense to have a single "Brain" overseeing
+ a Fleet of Clusters, there is a need for flexibility over the number of hub clusters. To
+ allow redundancy to improve reliability, to allow sharding of responsibility (for regionalized
+ controllers), to allow for separation of functionality (security-enforcer hub cluster vs
+ config-delivery hub cluster), to allow for migrations (from old hub cluster to new
+ hub cluster) and likely more.
+* Hub cluster also being part of the workload-running Fleet: We do recommend that the
+ hub cluster(s) be isolated from the running Workload Fleet for security and hub
+ concerns. But there may be specific cases or applications that require to mix the two. For example,
+ controllers that take a "leader-election" approach and want a smaller footprint.
+* Application-running features vs platform-running features: Hub clusters can run controllers
+  that are catering to a "Platform" type of user, effectively using a central cluster to manage other clusters and
+  other infrastructure. For example, centrally monitoring health of clusters of a clusterset. It can also run
+  controllers that are helping run business applications globally. For example, having a definition of a multicluster
+  application and scheduling replicas of the application to the different clusters of the clusterset.
+  This means that access control to the hub cluster and permissions given to controllers on the hub
+  clusters must be carefully designed.