npq allows you to audit npm packages before you install them

Media coverage about npq:

• As mentioned on Thomas Gentilhomme's French book of Become a Node.js Developer
• Tao Bojlén's A web of trust for npm
• Zander's favorite list of command line tools
• Ran Bar Zik's npq review to install safe modules
• ostechnix's How To Safely Install Packages Using Npm Or Yarn On Linux
• debricked's How to evaluate the security of your NPM Package dependencies
• JavaScript January advent calendar's post on Open Source From Heaven, Modules From Hell
• Liran Tal's Malicious Modules — what you need to know when installing npm packages

About

Once npq is installed, you can safely* install packages:

npq install express

npq will perform the following steps to sanity check that the package is safe by employing syntactic heuristics and querying a CVE database:

• Consult the snyk.io database of publicly disclosed vulnerabilities to check if a security vulnerability exists for this package and its version.
• Package age on npm
• Package download count as a popularity metric
• Package has a README file
• Package has a LICENSE file
• Package has pre/post install scripts

IMPORTANT: npq by default uses an auto-continue mode when warnings are detected (no errors), waiting 15 seconds before proceeding with the installation. You can disable this behavior via the --disable-auto-continue CLI flag or the NPQ_DISABLE_AUTO_CONTINUE=true environment variable to enforce a strict review and security hardened installs. See the auto-continue documentation for more details.

When npq completes its signal checks it hands over the actual package install job to the package manager (npm by default, or as specified via the NPQ_PKG_MGR environment variable).

DISCLAIMER: there's no guaranteed absolute safety; a malicious or vulnerable package could still exist that has no security vulnerabilities publicly disclosed and passes npq's checks.

Demo

npq.mp4

Install

npm install -g npq

Note: we recommend installing with npm rather than yarn. That way, npq can automatically install shell aliases for you.

You can also install npq via Homebrew on macOS or Linux:

brew install npq

Usage

Install packages with npq

npq install express

Embed in your day to day

Since npq is a pre-step to ensure that the npm package you're installing is safe, you can safely embed it in your day-to-day npm usage so there's no need to remember to run npq explicitly.

alias npm='npq-hero'

Offload to package managers

If you're using yarn, pnpm, or generally want to explicitly tell npq which package manager to use you can specify an environment variable: NPQ_PKG_MGR=<package-manager>

Examples:

Using yarn 1.x:

alias yarn="NPQ_PKG_MGR=yarn npq-hero"

Using yarn 4.x:

NPQ_PKG_MGR=yarn yarn run npq-hero

or

NPQ_PKG_MGR=yarn yarn exec npq-hero

Using pnpm:

NPQ_PKG_MGR=pnpm npx npq install fastify

Using pnpm with alias:

alias pnpm="NPQ_PKG_MGR=pnpm npq-hero"

Note: npq by default will offload all commands and their arguments to the npm (or other package manager as specified) after it finished its due-diligence checks for the respective packages.

Marshalls

Marshall Name	Description	Notes
age	Will show a warning for a package if its age on npm is less than 22 days	Checks a package creation date, not a specific version
author	Will show a warning if a package has been found without an author field	Checks the latest version for an author
downloads	Will show a warning for a package if its download count in the last month is less than 20
readme	Will show a warning if a package has no README or it has been detected as a security placeholder package by npm staff
repo	Will show a warning if a package has been found without a valid and working repository URL	Checks the latest version for a repository URL
scripts	Will show a warning if a package has a pre/post install script which could potentially be malicious
snyk	Will show a warning if a package has been found with vulnerabilities in Snyk's database	For Snyk to work you need to either have the snyk npm package installed with a valid API token, or make the token available in the SNYK_TOKEN environment variable, and npq will use it
license	Will show a warning if a package has been found without a license field	Checks the latest version for a license
expired domains	Will show a warning if a package has been found with one of its maintainers having an email address that includes an expired domain	Checks a dependency version for a maintainer with an expired domain
signatures	Will compare the package's signature as it shows on the registry's pakument with the keys published on the npmjs.com registry
provenance	Will verify the package's attestations of provenance metadata for the published package
version-maturity	Will show a warning if the specific version being installed was published less than 7 days ago	Helps identify recently published versions that may not have been reviewed by the community yet
newBin	Will show a warning if the package version being installed introduces a new command-line binary (via the bin field in package.json) that was not present in its previous version.	Helps identify potentially unexpected new executables being added to your node_modules/.bin/ directory.
typosquatting	Will show a warning if the package name is similar to a popular package name, which could indicate a potential typosquatting attack.	Helps identify packages that may be trying to trick users into installing them by mimicking popular package names.
deprecation	Will show a warning if the package version being installed is deprecated.	Helps identify packages that are no longer maintained or recommended for use.

Disabling Marshalls

To disable a marshall altogether, set an environment variable using with the marshall's shortname.

Example, to disable the Snyk vulnerability marshall:

MARSHALL_DISABLE_SNYK=1 npq install express

Available Marshall Environment Variables

Here are all the available environment variable names for disabling specific marshalls:

Marshall Name	Environment Variable	Description
age	MARSHALL_DISABLE_AGE	Disable package age checks
author	MARSHALL_DISABLE_AUTHOR	Disable package author verification
downloads	MARSHALL_DISABLE_DOWNLOADS	Disable download count checks
expired domains	MARSHALL_DISABLE_MAINTAINERS_EXPIRED_EMAILS	Disable expired domain checks for maintainer emails
license	MARSHALL_DISABLE_LICENSE	Disable license availability checks
provenance	MARSHALL_DISABLE_PROVENANCE	Disable package provenance verification
repo	MARSHALL_DISABLE_REPO	Disable repository URL validation
scripts	MARSHALL_DISABLE_SCRIPTS	Disable pre/post install script checks
signatures	MARSHALL_DISABLE_SIGNATURES	Disable registry signature verification
snyk	MARSHALL_DISABLE_SNYK	Disable Snyk vulnerability checks
typosquatting	MARSHALL_DISABLE_TYPOSQUATTING	Disable typosquatting detection
version-maturity	MARSHALL_DISABLE_VERSION_MATURITY	Disable version maturity checks
newBin	MARSHALL_DISABLE_NEWBIN	Disable new binary introduction checks
deprecation	MARSHALL_DISABLE_DEPRECATION	Disable deprecation checks

Run checks on package without installing it

npq install express --dry-run

Force non-rich text output

npq install express --plain

Disable auto-continue countdown

By default, when npq detects only warnings (no errors), it automatically proceeds with installation after a 15-second countdown. To disable this behavior and always require explicit confirmation:

Using the CLI flag:

npq install express --disable-auto-continue

Using the environment variable:

export NPQ_DISABLE_AUTO_CONTINUE=true
npq install express

Or set it permanently in your shell profile (.bashrc, .zshrc, etc.):

export NPQ_DISABLE_AUTO_CONTINUE=true

When auto-continue is disabled, npq will always prompt for explicit confirmation before proceeding with installation, even when only warnings are detected.

Learn Node.js Security

Learn Node.js Secure Coding techniques and best practices from Liran Tal

FAQ

1. What is the difference between npq and npq-hero?

• npq is meant to be its own stand-alone CLI so it has command line flags like --dry-run and others (see npq --help). However, when you want to alias the npm CLI to NPQ you should use npq-hero as the executable of the alias to npm (e.g: alias npm=npq), which means npq-hero can't have its own command-line flags because they could conflict with the npm executable.

2. Can I use NPQ without having npm or yarn?

• NPQ will audit a package for possible security issues, but it isn't a replacement for npm or yarn. When you choose to continue installing the package, it will offload the installation process to your choice of either npm or yarn.

3. How is NPQ different from npm audit?

• npm install will install a module even if it has vulnerabilities; NPQ will display the issues detected, and prompt the user for confirmation on whether to proceed installing it.
• NPQ will run synthetic checks, called marshalls, on the characteristics of a module, such as whether the module you are going to install has a pre-install script which can be potentially harmful for your system and prompt you whether to install it. Whereas npm audit will not perform any such checks, and only consults a vulnerability database for known security issues.
• npm audit is closer in functionality to what Snyk does, rather than what NPQ does.

4. Do I require a Snyk API key in order to use NPQ?

• It's not required. If NPQ is unable to detect a Snyk API key for the user running NPQ, then it will skip the database vulnerabilities check. We do, however, greatly encourage you to use Snyk, and connect it with NPQ for broader security.

5. Why is NPQ connecting to external domains like gmail.com or personal websites during installation?

• This is not telemetry. NPQ does not collect any usage data. When auditing a package, NPQ fetches the maintainers/authors of the dependency and checks their email addresses to verify they are valid and not associated with expired domains. Expired domains can be abused by attackers for account takeover (ATO) attacks to compromise packages with malicious versions. Hence, NPQ may make DNS requests to domains like gmail.com or personal domains found in maintainer emails. Additionally, NPQ makes HTTP requests to osv.dev to fetch security vulnerability data (or uses Snyk if configured, as a prioritized option).

Contributing

Please consult the CONTRIBUTING for guidelines on contributing to this project

Author

Liran Tal [email protected]