[WebAssembly] Fix rethrow's index calculation (#114693)

So far we have assumed that we only rethrow the exception caught in the
innermost EH pad. This is true in code we directly generate, but after
inlining this may not be the case. For example, consider this code:
```ll
ehcleanup:
  %0 = cleanuppad ...
  call @Destructor
  cleanupret from %0 unwind label %catch.dispatch
```

If `destructor` gets inlined into this function, the code can be like
```ll
ehcleanup:
  %0 = cleanuppad ...
  invoke @throwing_func
    to label %unreachale unwind label %catch.dispatch.i

catch.dispatch.i:
  catchswitch ... [ label %catch.start.i ]

catch.start.i:
  %1 = catchpad ...
  invoke @some_function
    to label %invoke.cont.i unwind label %terminate.i

invoke.cont.i:
  catchret from %1 to label %destructor.exit

destructor.exit:
  cleanupret from %0 unwind label %catch.dispatch
```

We lower a `cleanupret` into `rethrow`, which assumes it rethrows the
exception caught by the nearest dominating EH pad. But after the
inlining, the nearest dominating EH pad is not `ehcleanup` but
`catch.start.i`.

The problem exists in the same manner in the new (exnref) EH, because it
assumes the exception comes from the nearest EH pad and saves an exnref
from that EH pad and rethrows it (using `throw_ref`).

This problem can be fixed easily if `cleanupret` has the basic block
where its matching `cleanuppad` is. The bitcode instruction `cleanupret`
kind of has that info (it has a token from the `cleanuppad`), but that
info is lost when when we enter ISel, because `TargetSelectionDAG.td`'s
`cleanupret` node does not have any arguments:

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/5091a359d9807db8f7d62375696f93fc34226969/llvm/include/llvm/Target/TargetSelectionDAG.td#L700
Note that `catchret` already has two basic block arguments, even though
neither of them means `catchpad`'s BB.

This PR adds the `cleanuppad`'s BB as an argument to `cleanupret` node
in ISel and uses it in the Wasm backend. Because this node is also used
in X86 backend we need to note its argument there too but nothing more
needs to change there as long as X86 doesn't need it.

---

- Details about changes in the Wasm backend:

After this PR, our pseudo `RETHROW` instruction takes a BB, which means
the EH pad whose exception it needs to rethrow. There are currently two
ways to generate a `RETHROW`: one is from `llvm.wasm.rethrow` intrinsic
and the other is from `CLEANUPRET` we discussed above. In case of
`llvm.wasm.rethrow`, we add a '0' as a placeholder argument when it is
lowered to a `RETHROW`, and change it to a BB in LateEHPrepare. As
written in the comments, this PR doesn't change how this BB is computed.
The BB argument will be converted to an immediate argument as with other
control flow instructions in CFGStackify.

In case of `CLEANUPRET`, it already has a BB argument pointing to an EH
pad, so it is just converted to a `RETHROW` with the same BB argument in
LateEHPrepare. This will also be lowered to an immediate in CFGStackify
with other control flow instructions.

---

Fixes #114600.

Author: aheejin

llvm/include/llvm/Target/TargetSelectionDAG.td

@@ -231,6 +231,10 @@ def SDTCatchret : SDTypeProfile<0, 2, [     // catchret
   SDTCisVT<0, OtherVT>, SDTCisVT<1, OtherVT>
 ]>;
 
+def SDTCleanupret : SDTypeProfile<0, 1, [   // cleanupret
+  SDTCisVT<0, OtherVT>
+]>;
+
 def SDTNone : SDTypeProfile<0, 0, []>;      // ret, trap
 
 def SDTUBSANTrap : SDTypeProfile<0, 1, []>;      // ubsantrap
@@ -680,7 +684,7 @@ def brind      : SDNode<"ISD::BRIND"      , SDTBrind,  [SDNPHasChain]>;
 def br         : SDNode<"ISD::BR"         , SDTBr,     [SDNPHasChain]>;
 def catchret   : SDNode<"ISD::CATCHRET"   , SDTCatchret,
                         [SDNPHasChain, SDNPSideEffect]>;
-def cleanupret : SDNode<"ISD::CLEANUPRET" , SDTNone,   [SDNPHasChain]>;
+def cleanupret : SDNode<"ISD::CLEANUPRET" , SDTCleanupret, [SDNPHasChain]>;
 
 def trap       : SDNode<"ISD::TRAP"       , SDTNone,
                         [SDNPHasChain, SDNPSideEffect]>;

llvm/lib/CodeGen/SelectionDAG/SelectionDAGBuilder.cpp

@@ -2155,8 +2155,10 @@ void SelectionDAGBuilder::visitCleanupRet(const CleanupReturnInst &I) {
   FuncInfo.MBB->normalizeSuccProbs();
 
   // Create the terminator node.
-  SDValue Ret =
-      DAG.getNode(ISD::CLEANUPRET, getCurSDLoc(), MVT::Other, getControlRoot());
+  MachineBasicBlock *CleanupPadMBB =
+      FuncInfo.MBBMap[I.getCleanupPad()->getParent()];
+  SDValue Ret = DAG.getNode(ISD::CLEANUPRET, getCurSDLoc(), MVT::Other,
+                            getControlRoot(), DAG.getBasicBlock(CleanupPadMBB));
   DAG.setRoot(Ret);
 }
 

llvm/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64InstrInfo.td

@@ -5159,7 +5159,7 @@ let isPseudo = 1 in {
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 let isTerminator = 1, hasSideEffects = 1, isBarrier = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1,
     isCodeGenOnly = 1, isReturn = 1, isEHScopeReturn = 1, isPseudo = 1 in {
-   def CLEANUPRET : Pseudo<(outs), (ins), [(cleanupret)]>, Sched<[]>;
+   def CLEANUPRET : Pseudo<(outs), (ins), [(cleanupret bb)]>, Sched<[]>;
    let usesCustomInserter = 1 in
      def CATCHRET : Pseudo<(outs), (ins am_brcond:$dst, am_brcond:$src), [(catchret bb:$dst, bb:$src)]>,
                     Sched<[]>;

llvm/lib/Target/WebAssembly/WebAssemblyCFGStackify.cpp

@@ -87,9 +87,8 @@ class WebAssemblyCFGStackify final : public MachineFunctionPass {
                           const MachineBasicBlock *MBB);
   unsigned getDelegateDepth(const SmallVectorImpl<EndMarkerInfo> &Stack,
                             const MachineBasicBlock *MBB);
-  unsigned
-  getRethrowDepth(const SmallVectorImpl<EndMarkerInfo> &Stack,
-                  const SmallVectorImpl<const MachineBasicBlock *> &EHPadStack);
+  unsigned getRethrowDepth(const SmallVectorImpl<EndMarkerInfo> &Stack,
+                           const MachineBasicBlock *EHPadToRethrow);
   void rewriteDepthImmediates(MachineFunction &MF);
   void fixEndsAtEndOfFunction(MachineFunction &MF);
   void cleanupFunctionData(MachineFunction &MF);
@@ -1612,34 +1611,13 @@ unsigned WebAssemblyCFGStackify::getDelegateDepth(
 
 unsigned WebAssemblyCFGStackify::getRethrowDepth(
     const SmallVectorImpl<EndMarkerInfo> &Stack,
-    const SmallVectorImpl<const MachineBasicBlock *> &EHPadStack) {
+    const MachineBasicBlock *EHPadToRethrow) {
   unsigned Depth = 0;
-  // In our current implementation, rethrows always rethrow the exception caught
-  // by the innermost enclosing catch. This means while traversing Stack in the
-  // reverse direction, when we encounter END_TRY, we should check if the
-  // END_TRY corresponds to the current innermost EH pad. For example:
-  // try
-  //   ...
-  // catch         ;; (a)
-  //   try
-  //     rethrow 1 ;; (b)
-  //   catch       ;; (c)
-  //     rethrow 0 ;; (d)
-  //   end         ;; (e)
-  // end           ;; (f)
-  //
-  // When we are at 'rethrow' (d), while reversely traversing Stack the first
-  // 'end' we encounter is the 'end' (e), which corresponds to the 'catch' (c).
-  // And 'rethrow' (d) rethrows the exception caught by 'catch' (c), so we stop
-  // there and the depth should be 0. But when we are at 'rethrow' (b), it
-  // rethrows the exception caught by 'catch' (a), so when traversing Stack
-  // reversely, we should skip the 'end' (e) and choose 'end' (f), which
-  // corresponds to 'catch' (a).
   for (auto X : reverse(Stack)) {
     const MachineInstr *End = X.second;
     if (End->getOpcode() == WebAssembly::END_TRY) {
       auto *EHPad = TryToEHPad[EndToBegin[End]];
-      if (EHPadStack.back() == EHPad)
+      if (EHPadToRethrow == EHPad)
         break;
     }
     ++Depth;
@@ -1651,7 +1629,6 @@ unsigned WebAssemblyCFGStackify::getRethrowDepth(
 void WebAssemblyCFGStackify::rewriteDepthImmediates(MachineFunction &MF) {
   // Now rewrite references to basic blocks to be depth immediates.
   SmallVector<EndMarkerInfo, 8> Stack;
-  SmallVector<const MachineBasicBlock *, 8> EHPadStack;
   for (auto &MBB : reverse(MF)) {
     for (MachineInstr &MI : llvm::reverse(MBB)) {
       switch (MI.getOpcode()) {
@@ -1669,31 +1646,14 @@ void WebAssemblyCFGStackify::rewriteDepthImmediates(MachineFunction &MF) {
         break;
 
       case WebAssembly::END_BLOCK:
+      case WebAssembly::END_TRY:
         Stack.push_back(std::make_pair(&MBB, &MI));
         break;
 
-      case WebAssembly::END_TRY: {
-        // We handle DELEGATE in the default level, because DELEGATE has
-        // immediate operands to rewrite.
-        Stack.push_back(std::make_pair(&MBB, &MI));
-        auto *EHPad = TryToEHPad[EndToBegin[&MI]];
-        EHPadStack.push_back(EHPad);
-        break;
-      }
-
       case WebAssembly::END_LOOP:
         Stack.push_back(std::make_pair(EndToBegin[&MI]->getParent(), &MI));
         break;
 
-      case WebAssembly::CATCH:
-      case WebAssembly::CATCH_ALL:
-        EHPadStack.pop_back();
-        break;
-
-      case WebAssembly::RETHROW:
-        MI.getOperand(0).setImm(getRethrowDepth(Stack, EHPadStack));
-        break;
-
       default:
         if (MI.isTerminator()) {
           // Rewrite MBB operands to be depth immediates.
@@ -1705,6 +1665,9 @@ void WebAssemblyCFGStackify::rewriteDepthImmediates(MachineFunction &MF) {
               if (MI.getOpcode() == WebAssembly::DELEGATE)
                 MO = MachineOperand::CreateImm(
                     getDelegateDepth(Stack, MO.getMBB()));
+              else if (MI.getOpcode() == WebAssembly::RETHROW)
+                MO = MachineOperand::CreateImm(
+                    getRethrowDepth(Stack, MO.getMBB()));
               else
                 MO = MachineOperand::CreateImm(
                     getBranchDepth(Stack, MO.getMBB()));

llvm/lib/Target/WebAssembly/WebAssemblyISelDAGToDAG.cpp

@@ -245,6 +245,19 @@ void WebAssemblyDAGToDAGISel::Select(SDNode *Node) {
       ReplaceNode(Node, Throw);
       return;
     }
+    case Intrinsic::wasm_rethrow: {
+      // RETHROW's BB argument will be populated in LateEHPrepare. Just use a
+      // '0' as a placeholder for now.
+      MachineSDNode *Rethrow = CurDAG->getMachineNode(
+          WebAssembly::RETHROW, DL,
+          MVT::Other, // outchain type
+          {
+              CurDAG->getConstant(0, DL, MVT::i32), // placeholder
+              Node->getOperand(0)                   // inchain
+          });
+      ReplaceNode(Node, Rethrow);
+      return;
+    }
     }
     break;
   }

llvm/lib/Target/WebAssembly/WebAssemblyInstrControl.td

@@ -132,11 +132,9 @@ let isTerminator = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1, isBarrier = 1 in {
 defm THROW : I<(outs), (ins tag_op:$tag, variable_ops),
                (outs), (ins tag_op:$tag), [],
                "throw   \t$tag", "throw   \t$tag", 0x08>;
-defm RETHROW : NRI<(outs), (ins i32imm:$depth), [], "rethrow \t$depth", 0x09>;
+// $ehpad is the EH pad where the exception to rethrow has been caught.
+defm RETHROW : NRI<(outs), (ins bb_op:$ehpad), [], "rethrow \t$ehpad", 0x09>;
 } // isTerminator = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1, isBarrier = 1
-// The depth argument will be computed in CFGStackify. We set it to 0 here for
-// now.
-def : Pat<(int_wasm_rethrow), (RETHROW 0)>;
 
 // Region within which an exception is caught: try / end_try
 let Uses = [VALUE_STACK], Defs = [VALUE_STACK] in {
@@ -160,7 +158,8 @@ defm DELEGATE : NRI<(outs), (ins bb_op:$dst), [], "delegate \t $dst", 0x18>;
 // Pseudo instructions: cleanupret / catchret
 let isTerminator = 1, hasSideEffects = 1, isBarrier = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1,
     isPseudo = 1, isEHScopeReturn = 1 in {
-  defm CLEANUPRET : NRI<(outs), (ins), [(cleanupret)], "cleanupret", 0>;
+  defm CLEANUPRET : NRI<(outs), (ins bb_op:$ehpad), [(cleanupret bb:$ehpad)],
+                        "cleanupret", 0>;
   defm CATCHRET : NRI<(outs), (ins bb_op:$dst, bb_op:$from),
                       [(catchret bb:$dst, bb:$from)], "catchret", 0>;
 } // isTerminator = 1, hasSideEffects = 1, isBarrier = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1,

llvm/lib/Target/WebAssembly/WebAssemblyLateEHPrepare.cpp

@@ -245,11 +245,39 @@ bool WebAssemblyLateEHPrepare::replaceFuncletReturns(MachineFunction &MF) {
       Changed = true;
       break;
     }
+    case WebAssembly::RETHROW:
+      // These RETHROWs here were lowered from llvm.wasm.rethrow() intrinsics,
+      // generated in Clang for when an exception is not caught by the given
+      // type (e.g. catch (int)).
+      //
+      // RETHROW's BB argument is the EH pad where the exception to rethrow has
+      // been caught. (Until this point, RETHROW has just a '0' as a placeholder
+      // argument.) For these llvm.wasm.rethrow()s, we can safely assume the
+      // exception comes from the nearest dominating EH pad, because catch.start
+      // EH pad is structured like this:
+      //
+      // catch.start:
+      //   catchpad ...
+      //   %matches = compare ehselector with typeid
+      //   br i1 %matches, label %catch, label %rethrow
+      //
+      // rethrow:
+      //   ;; rethrows the exception caught in 'catch.start'
+      //   call @llvm.wasm.rethrow()
+      TI->removeOperand(0);
+      TI->addOperand(MachineOperand::CreateMBB(getMatchingEHPad(TI)));
+      Changed = true;
+      break;
     case WebAssembly::CLEANUPRET: {
-      // Replace a cleanupret with a rethrow. For C++ support, currently
-      // rethrow's immediate argument is always 0 (= the latest exception).
+      // CLEANUPRETs have the EH pad BB the exception to rethrow has been caught
+      // as an argument. Use it and change the instruction opcode to 'RETHROW'
+      // to make rethrowing instructions consistent.
+      //
+      // This is because we cannot safely assume that it is always the nearest
+      // dominating EH pad, in case there are code transformations such as
+      // inlining.
       BuildMI(MBB, TI, TI->getDebugLoc(), TII.get(WebAssembly::RETHROW))
-          .addImm(0);
+          .addMBB(TI->getOperand(0).getMBB());
       TI->eraseFromParent();
       Changed = true;
       break;

llvm/lib/Target/X86/X86InstrCompiler.td

@@ -195,7 +195,8 @@ def EH_RETURN64   : I<0xC3, RawFrm, (outs), (ins GR64:$addr),
 
 let isTerminator = 1, hasSideEffects = 1, isBarrier = 1, hasCtrlDep = 1,
     isCodeGenOnly = 1, isReturn = 1, isEHScopeReturn = 1 in {
-  def CLEANUPRET : I<0, Pseudo, (outs), (ins), "# CLEANUPRET", [(cleanupret)]>;
+  def CLEANUPRET : I<0, Pseudo, (outs), (ins), "# CLEANUPRET",
+                     [(cleanupret bb)]>;
 
   // CATCHRET needs a custom inserter for SEH.
   let usesCustomInserter = 1 in

llvm/test/CodeGen/WebAssembly/cfg-stackify-eh.mir

@@ -39,15 +39,16 @@ body: |
     ; CHECK: RETHROW 1
     EH_LABEL <mcsymbol .Ltmp2>
     %0:i32 = CATCH &__cpp_exception, implicit-def dead $arguments
-    RETHROW 0, implicit-def dead $arguments
+    RETHROW %bb.1, implicit-def dead $arguments
 
   bb.2 (landing-pad):
+    successors: %bb.3
     ; CHECK: bb.2 (landing-pad):
     ; CHECK: CATCH
     ; CHECK: RETHROW 0
     EH_LABEL <mcsymbol .Ltmp3>
     %1:i32 = CATCH &__cpp_exception, implicit-def dead $arguments
-    RETHROW 0, implicit-def dead $arguments
+    RETHROW %bb.2, implicit-def dead $arguments
 
   bb.3:
     ; CHECK: bb.3:
@@ -104,12 +105,14 @@ body: |
     RETURN %0:i32, implicit-def dead $arguments
 
   bb.3 (landing-pad):
+    successors:
     EH_LABEL <mcsymbol .Ltmp4>
     %0:i32 = CATCH &__cpp_exception, implicit-def dead $arguments
-    RETHROW 0, implicit-def dead $arguments
+    RETHROW %bb.3, implicit-def dead $arguments
 
   bb.4 (landing-pad):
+    successors:
     EH_LABEL <mcsymbol .Ltmp5>
     %1:i32 = CATCH &__cpp_exception, implicit-def dead $arguments
-    RETHROW 0, implicit-def dead $arguments
+    RETHROW %bb.4, implicit-def dead $arguments
 ...

llvm/test/CodeGen/WebAssembly/exception-legacy.ll

@@ -400,6 +400,107 @@ unreachable:                                      ; preds = %rethrow
   unreachable
 }
 
+; The bitcode below is generated when the code below is compiled and
+; Temp::~Temp() is inlined into inlined_cleanupret():
+;
+; void inlined_cleanupret() {
+; try {
+;   Temp t;
+;   throw 2;
+; } catch (...)
+; }
+;
+; Temp::~Temp() {
+;   try {
+;     throw 1;
+;   } catch (...) {
+;   }
+; }
+;
+; ~Temp() generates cleanupret, which is lowered to a 'rethrow' later. That
+; rethrow's immediate argument should correctly target the top-level cleanuppad
+; (catch_all). This is a regression test for the bug where we did not compute
+; rethrow's argument correctly.
+
+; CHECK-LABEL: inlined_cleanupret:
+; CHECK: try
+; CHECK:   call  __cxa_throw
+; CHECK: catch_all
+; CHECK:   try
+; CHECK:     try
+; CHECK:       call  __cxa_throw
+; CHECK:       catch
+; CHECK:       call  __cxa_end_catch
+; CHECK:       try
+; CHECK:         try
+; Note that this rethrow targets the top-level catch_all
+; CHECK:           rethrow   4
+; CHECK:         catch
+; CHECK:           try
+; CHECK:             call  __cxa_end_catch
+; CHECK:           delegate    5
+; CHECK:           return
+; CHECK:         end_try
+; CHECK:       delegate    3
+; CHECK:     end_try
+; CHECK:   catch_all
+; CHECK:     call  _ZSt9terminatev
+; CHECK:   end_try
+; CHECK: end_try
+define void @inlined_cleanupret() personality ptr @__gxx_wasm_personality_v0 {
+entry:
+  %exception = tail call ptr @__cxa_allocate_exception(i32 4)
+  store i32 2, ptr %exception, align 16
+  invoke void @__cxa_throw(ptr nonnull %exception, ptr nonnull @_ZTIi, ptr null)
+          to label %unreachable unwind label %ehcleanup
+
+ehcleanup:                                        ; preds = %entry
+  %0 = cleanuppad within none []
+  %exception.i = call ptr @__cxa_allocate_exception(i32 4) [ "funclet"(token %0) ]
+  store i32 1, ptr %exception.i, align 16
+  invoke void @__cxa_throw(ptr nonnull %exception.i, ptr nonnull @_ZTIi, ptr null) [ "funclet"(token %0) ]
+          to label %unreachable unwind label %catch.dispatch.i
+
+catch.dispatch.i:                                 ; preds = %ehcleanup
+  %1 = catchswitch within %0 [label %catch.start.i] unwind label %terminate.i
+
+catch.start.i:                                    ; preds = %catch.dispatch.i
+  %2 = catchpad within %1 [ptr null]
+  %3 = tail call ptr @llvm.wasm.get.exception(token %2)
+  %4 = tail call i32 @llvm.wasm.get.ehselector(token %2)
+  %5 = call ptr @__cxa_begin_catch(ptr %3) [ "funclet"(token %2) ]
+  invoke void @__cxa_end_catch() [ "funclet"(token %2) ]
+          to label %invoke.cont.i unwind label %terminate.i
+
+invoke.cont.i:                                    ; preds = %catch.start.i
+  catchret from %2 to label %_ZN4TempD2Ev.exit
+
+terminate.i:                                      ; preds = %catch.start.i, %catch.dispatch.i
+  %6 = cleanuppad within %0 []
+  call void @_ZSt9terminatev() [ "funclet"(token %6) ]
+  unreachable
+
+_ZN4TempD2Ev.exit:                                ; preds = %invoke.cont.i
+  cleanupret from %0 unwind label %catch.dispatch
+
+catch.dispatch:                                   ; preds = %_ZN4TempD2Ev.exit
+  %7 = catchswitch within none [label %catch.start] unwind to caller
+
+catch.start:                                      ; preds = %catch.dispatch
+  %8 = catchpad within %7 [ptr null]
+  %9 = tail call ptr @llvm.wasm.get.exception(token %8)
+  %10 = tail call i32 @llvm.wasm.get.ehselector(token %8)
+  %11 = call ptr @__cxa_begin_catch(ptr %9) #8 [ "funclet"(token %8) ]
+  call void @__cxa_end_catch() [ "funclet"(token %8) ]
+  catchret from %8 to label %try.cont
+
+try.cont:                                         ; preds = %catch.start
+  ret void
+
+unreachable:                                      ; preds = %entry
+  unreachable
+}
+
 
 declare void @foo()
 declare void @bar(ptr)
@@ -415,8 +516,12 @@ declare i32 @llvm.wasm.get.ehselector(token) #0
 declare void @llvm.wasm.rethrow() #1
 ; Function Attrs: nounwind
 declare i32 @llvm.eh.typeid.for(ptr) #0
+; Function Attrs: nounwind
+declare ptr @__cxa_allocate_exception(i32) #0
 declare ptr @__cxa_begin_catch(ptr)
 declare void @__cxa_end_catch()
+; Function Attrs: noreturn
+declare void @__cxa_throw(ptr, ptr, ptr) #1
 declare void @_ZSt9terminatev()
 declare ptr @_ZN4TempD2Ev(ptr returned)