maint: Modularize libmamba

[jjerphan]

Description

Towards #3418.

Type of Change

• Bugfix
• Feature / enhancement
• CI / Documentation
• Maintenance

Checklist

• My code follows the general style and conventions of the codebase, ensuring consistency
• I have performed a self-review of my code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have run pre-commit run --all locally in the source folder and confirmed that there are no linter errors.
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• New and existing tests pass locally with my changes

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 0% with 87 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 5.90%. Comparing base (b98c281) to head (13c5e0a).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
libmamba/src/core/util_os.cpp	0.00%	71 Missing ⚠️
libmamba/src/core/util.cpp	0.00%	7 Missing ⚠️
libmambapy/solver/bindings_solver.cpp	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
libmambapy/common/bindings_common.cpp	0.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
libmamba/include/mamba/core/util.hpp	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
libmamba/src/api/configuration.cpp	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #4150       +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   51.13%   5.90%   -45.24%     
==========================================
  Files         236     238        +2     
  Lines       27645   27538      -107     
  Branches     2832    2828        -4     
==========================================
- Hits        14137    1625    -12512     
- Misses      13505   25910    +12405     
  Partials        3       3               

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