chore(0.83): use changeset instead of nx version-plan for 0.83.10 sync

Replace the nx version-plan with a Changesets entry (react-native-macos: minor),
matching the changesets release tooling this branch inherited from main (#2839).
This is the first 0.83 release of react-native-macos, syncing to RN 0.83.10.

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: Saadnajmi

.changeset/sync-react-native-0-83-10.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"react-native-macos": minor
+---
+
+Sync react-native-macos with React Native 0.83.10. This is the first `0.83` release of react-native-macos.