An autonomous robot that detects fire using sensors, navigates toward it, extinguishes it — and alerts the user's mobile phone in real time.
The Fire Fighting Robot is an IoT-powered autonomous robot designed to detect and extinguish fires without human intervention. Using flame sensors, the robot navigates toward the source of fire, activates a water pump to extinguish it, and simultaneously sends a real-time alert to the user's mobile phone via NodeMCU (ESP8266) WiFi module.
This project combines embedded systems, robotics, and IoT connectivity to create a practical fire safety solution for homes, warehouses, and industrial environments.
[Flame Sensors (Left / Center / Right)]
│
▼
[Arduino Uno] ──── Serial ──── [NodeMCU ESP8266]
│ │
┌─────┼─────┐ [WiFi Alert 📱]
│ │ (User's Phone)
[DC Motors] [Water Pump]
(Navigate) (Extinguish)
Step-by-step flow:
- Flame sensors scan left, center, and right for fire
- Arduino detects which direction fire is detected
- Motors steer the robot toward the flame
- Water pump activates to extinguish the fire
- NodeMCU sends WiFi notification to the user's mobile
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| 🔥 Fire Detection | Three flame sensors for left/center/right coverage |
| 🤖 Autonomous Navigation | Robot steers itself toward the fire source |
| 💧 Auto Extinguishing | Water pump activates to put out the fire |
| 📱 Mobile Alert | NodeMCU sends real-time WiFi alert to phone |
| 🌐 IoT Connected | ESP8266 for wireless communication |
| ⚡ Fast Response | Real-time sensor processing with minimal delay |
| Component | Quantity | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Arduino Uno | 1 | Main microcontroller |
| NodeMCU ESP8266 | 1 | WiFi & mobile alert |
| Flame Sensor Module | 3 | Fire detection (L/C/R) |
| DC Motors | 2 | Robot movement |
| L298N Motor Driver | 1 | Motor speed & direction control |
| Mini Water Pump | 1 | Fire extinguishing |
| Relay Module | 1 | Pump control |
| Robot Chassis | 1 | Physical frame with wheels |
| Water Container | 1 | Water reservoir |
| Battery Pack | 1 | Power supply |
| Jumper Wires | — | Circuit connections |
Fire-Fighting-Robot/
│
├── arduino_code/ # Arduino source code
│ └── fire_robot.ino # Main robot control code
├── NodeMCU_code/ # NodeMCU WiFi alert code
│ └── nodemcu_alert.ino
│
├── Fire fighting project report.pdf # Full project report
├── Hardware test video.mp4 # Hardware demo
├── Software test video.mp4 # Software/simulation test
├── Project Code.docx # Code documentation
└── LICENSE
📄 View Full Project Report
🎥 Watch Hardware Demo
🖥️ Watch Software Test
- Open
arduino_code/folder in Arduino IDE - Select Board: Arduino Uno
- Connect Arduino via USB and select correct Port
- Click Upload
▶️
- Open
NodeMCU_code/folder in Arduino IDE - Install ESP8266 board in Board Manager
- Enter your WiFi SSID and Password in the code
- Select Board: NodeMCU 1.0 (ESP-12E Module)
- Click Upload
▶️
| Sensor Reading | Robot Action |
|---|---|
| Center flame detected | Move forward toward fire |
| Left flame detected | Turn left |
| Right flame detected | Turn right |
| All sensors detect fire | Stop & activate pump |
| No flame detected | Patrol / standby |
- Camera integration for visual fire detection
- Larger water tank with refill sensor
- GPS tracking for outdoor deployment
- Multi-robot swarm coordination
- Smoke and gas sensor integration
- Emergency services auto-call via GSM module
Licensed under the MIT License — see LICENSE for details.
MD Naimur Rashid
Department of Internet of Things and Robotics Engineering
University of Frontier Technology, Bangladesh (UFTB)
