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Backends: Vulkan: Secondary viewports format improvements #8991

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2289b62
Backends: Vulkan: Added ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateRenderPass utility fu…
SuperRonan Oct 6, 2025
ea33a48
Backends: Vulkan: Replaced `InitInfo`'s `PipelineInfo PipelineInfoFor…
SuperRonan Oct 7, 2025
764a775
Backends: Vulkan: Add viewports desired present mode (at init)
SuperRonan Oct 7, 2025
1b44c41
Backends: Vulkan: Explicitly enforce that secondary viewports share t…
SuperRonan Oct 7, 2025
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210 changes: 131 additions & 79 deletions backends/imgui_impl_vulkan.cpp
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -282,7 +282,6 @@ struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data
VkDescriptorSetLayout DescriptorSetLayout;
VkPipelineLayout PipelineLayout;
VkPipeline Pipeline; // pipeline for main render pass (created by app)
VkPipeline PipelineForViewports; // pipeline for secondary viewports (created by backend)
VkShaderModule ShaderModuleVert;
VkShaderModule ShaderModuleFrag;
VkDescriptorPool DescriptorPool;
Expand All @@ -296,6 +295,13 @@ struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data
// Render buffers for main window
ImGui_ImplVulkan_WindowRenderBuffers MainWindowRenderBuffers;

// Viewports common data
VkSurfaceFormatKHR ViewportsFormat; // Common for all viewports, may differ from VulkanInitInfo.SecondaryViewportsInfo.DesiredFormat
// Filled during ImGui_ImplVulkan_PrepareViewportsRendering() based on ViewportsFormat and VulkanInitInfo->SecondaryViewportsInfo
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo PipelineInfoForViewports;
VkPipeline PipelineForViewports; // pipeline for secondary viewports (created by backend)


ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data()
{
memset((void*)this, 0, sizeof(*this));
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1214,8 +1220,15 @@ void ImGui_ImplVulkan_DestroyDeviceObjects()
if (bd->DescriptorSetLayout) { vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(v->Device, bd->DescriptorSetLayout, v->Allocator); bd->DescriptorSetLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
if (bd->PipelineLayout) { vkDestroyPipelineLayout(v->Device, bd->PipelineLayout, v->Allocator); bd->PipelineLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
if (bd->Pipeline) { vkDestroyPipeline(v->Device, bd->Pipeline, v->Allocator); bd->Pipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
if (bd->PipelineForViewports) { vkDestroyPipeline(v->Device, bd->PipelineForViewports, v->Allocator); bd->PipelineForViewports = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
if (bd->DescriptorPool) { vkDestroyDescriptorPool(v->Device, bd->DescriptorPool, v->Allocator); bd->DescriptorPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }

// Destroy viewports common objects
if (bd->PipelineForViewports) { vkDestroyPipeline(v->Device, bd->PipelineForViewports, v->Allocator); bd->PipelineForViewports = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
if (bd->PipelineInfoForViewports.RenderPass)
{
vkDestroyRenderPass(v->Device, bd->PipelineInfoForViewports.RenderPass, v->Allocator);
bd->PipelineInfoForViewports.RenderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
}
}

#ifdef IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_HAS_DYNAMIC_RENDERING
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1321,7 +1334,7 @@ bool ImGui_ImplVulkan_Init(ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo* info)
else
IM_ASSERT(info->DescriptorPoolSize > 0);
if (info->UseDynamicRendering)
IM_ASSERT(info->PipelineInfoMain.RenderPass == VK_NULL_HANDLE && info->PipelineInfoForViewports.RenderPass == VK_NULL_HANDLE);
IM_ASSERT(info->PipelineInfoMain.RenderPass == VK_NULL_HANDLE);

bd->VulkanInitInfo = *info;

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1643,6 +1656,45 @@ int ImGui_ImplVulkanH_GetMinImageCountFromPresentMode(VkPresentModeKHR present_m
return 1;
}

VkRenderPass ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateRenderPass(VkDevice device, const VkAllocationCallbacks* allocator, VkFormat format, bool clear)
{
VkAttachmentDescription attachment = {};
attachment.format = format;
attachment.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
attachment.loadOp = clear ? VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR : VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
attachment.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
attachment.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
VkAttachmentReference color_attachment = {};
color_attachment.attachment = 0;
color_attachment.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
VkSubpassDescription subpass = {};
subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
subpass.pColorAttachments = &color_attachment;
VkSubpassDependency dependency = {};
dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
dependency.dstSubpass = 0;
dependency.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.srcAccessMask = 0;
dependency.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
VkRenderPassCreateInfo info = {};
info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
info.attachmentCount = 1;
info.pAttachments = &attachment;
info.subpassCount = 1;
info.pSubpasses = &subpass;
info.dependencyCount = 1;
info.pDependencies = &dependency;
VkRenderPass res;
VkResult err = vkCreateRenderPass(device, &info, allocator, &res);
check_vk_result(err);
return res;
}

// Also destroy old swap chain and in-flight frames data, if any.
void ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateWindowSwapChain(VkPhysicalDevice physical_device, VkDevice device, ImGui_ImplVulkanH_Window* wd, const VkAllocationCallbacks* allocator, int w, int h, uint32_t min_image_count, VkImageUsageFlags image_usage)
{
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1726,43 +1778,7 @@ void ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateWindowSwapChain(VkPhysicalDevice physical_device, V
// Create the Render Pass
if (wd->UseDynamicRendering == false)
{
VkAttachmentDescription attachment = {};
attachment.format = wd->SurfaceFormat.format;
attachment.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
attachment.loadOp = wd->ClearEnable ? VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR : VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
attachment.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
attachment.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
attachment.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
VkAttachmentReference color_attachment = {};
color_attachment.attachment = 0;
color_attachment.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
VkSubpassDescription subpass = {};
subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
subpass.pColorAttachments = &color_attachment;
VkSubpassDependency dependency = {};
dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
dependency.dstSubpass = 0;
dependency.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
dependency.srcAccessMask = 0;
dependency.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
VkRenderPassCreateInfo info = {};
info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
info.attachmentCount = 1;
info.pAttachments = &attachment;
info.subpassCount = 1;
info.pSubpasses = &subpass;
info.dependencyCount = 1;
info.pDependencies = &dependency;
err = vkCreateRenderPass(device, &info, allocator, &wd->RenderPass);
check_vk_result(err);

// We do not create a pipeline by default as this is also used by examples' main.cpp,
// but secondary viewport in multi-viewport mode may want to create one with:
//ImGui_ImplVulkan_CreatePipeline(device, allocator, VK_NULL_HANDLE, wd->RenderPass, VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT, &wd->Pipeline, v->Subpass);
wd->RenderPass = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateRenderPass(device, allocator, wd->SurfaceFormat.format, wd->ClearEnable);
}

// Create The Image Views
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1952,6 +1968,71 @@ ImGui_ImplVulkanH_Window* ImGui_ImplVulkanH_GetWindowDataFromViewport(ImGuiViewp
// If you are new to dear imgui or creating a new binding for dear imgui, it is recommended that you completely ignore this section first..
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_SelectPresentMode(ImGuiViewport* viewport)
{
ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplVulkan_GetBackendData();
ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo* v = &bd->VulkanInitInfo;
ImGui_ImplVulkan_ViewportData* vd = (ImGui_ImplVulkan_ViewportData*)viewport->RendererUserData;
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_Window* wd = &vd->Window;

// FIXME-VULKAN: Even thought mailbox seems to get us maximum framerate with a single window, it halves framerate with a second window etc. (w/ Nvidia and SDK 1.82.1)
const VkPresentModeKHR presentModes[] = { v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.DesiredPresentMode, VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR, VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR, VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR };
int presentModesCount = IM_ARRAYSIZE(presentModes);
const VkPresentModeKHR* pPresentModes = presentModes;
if (pPresentModes[0] == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAX_ENUM_KHR)
{
++pPresentModes;
--presentModesCount;
}
wd->PresentMode = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_SelectPresentMode(v->PhysicalDevice, wd->Surface, presentModes, presentModesCount);
//printf("[vulkan] Secondary window selected PresentMode = %d\n", wd->PresentMode);
}

// Prepare common viewports rendering objects.
// Requires a sample surface (assuming any viewport surface behaves the same).
// - Select a surface format
// - Create the common RenderPass and Pipeline
static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_PrepareViewportsRendering(VkSurfaceKHR surface)
{
ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplVulkan_GetBackendData();
ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo* v = &bd->VulkanInitInfo;

// Select Surface Format
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo* pipeline_info = &bd->PipelineInfoForViewports;
const VkFormat requestSurfaceImageFormats[] = { v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.DesiredFormat.format, VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8_UNORM };
int requestSurfaceImageFormatsCount = IM_ARRAYSIZE(requestSurfaceImageFormats);
const VkFormat* pRequestSurfaceImageFormats = requestSurfaceImageFormats;
if (pRequestSurfaceImageFormats[0] == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED)
{
++pRequestSurfaceImageFormats;
--requestSurfaceImageFormatsCount;
}

const VkColorSpaceKHR requestSurfaceColorSpace = v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.DesiredFormat.colorSpace;
bd->ViewportsFormat = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_SelectSurfaceFormat(v->PhysicalDevice, surface, pRequestSurfaceImageFormats, requestSurfaceImageFormatsCount, requestSurfaceColorSpace);

// Create pipeline (shared by all secondary viewports)
if (bd->PipelineForViewports == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
{
#ifdef IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_HAS_DYNAMIC_RENDERING
if (v->UseDynamicRendering)
{
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RENDERING_CREATE_INFO;
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.pColorAttachmentFormats = &bd->ViewportsFormat.format;
}
#endif
else
{
// Create a reference RenderPass (needed for the Pipeline creation)
// Viewports will create their own RenderPass, compatible with this one (same format, different clear option)
pipeline_info->RenderPass = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateRenderPass(v->Device, v->Allocator, bd->ViewportsFormat.format, true);
pipeline_info->Subpass = 0;
}
bd->PipelineForViewports = ImGui_ImplVulkan_CreatePipeline(v->Device, v->Allocator, VK_NULL_HANDLE, pipeline_info);
}
}

static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_CreateWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport)
{
ImGui_ImplVulkan_Data* bd = ImGui_ImplVulkan_GetBackendData();
Expand All @@ -1974,49 +2055,20 @@ static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_CreateWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport)
return;
}

// Select Surface Format
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo* pipeline_info = &v->PipelineInfoForViewports;
ImVector<VkFormat> requestSurfaceImageFormats;
#ifdef IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_HAS_DYNAMIC_RENDERING
for (uint32_t n = 0; n < pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.colorAttachmentCount; n++)
requestSurfaceImageFormats.push_back(pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.pColorAttachmentFormats[n]);
#endif
const VkFormat defaultFormats[] = { VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8_UNORM, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8_UNORM };
for (VkFormat format : defaultFormats)
requestSurfaceImageFormats.push_back(format);

const VkColorSpaceKHR requestSurfaceColorSpace = VK_COLORSPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR;
wd->SurfaceFormat = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_SelectSurfaceFormat(v->PhysicalDevice, wd->Surface, requestSurfaceImageFormats.Data, (size_t)requestSurfaceImageFormats.Size, requestSurfaceColorSpace);

// Select Present Mode
// FIXME-VULKAN: Even thought mailbox seems to get us maximum framerate with a single window, it halves framerate with a second window etc. (w/ Nvidia and SDK 1.82.1)
VkPresentModeKHR present_modes[] = { VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR, VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR, VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR };
wd->PresentMode = ImGui_ImplVulkanH_SelectPresentMode(v->PhysicalDevice, wd->Surface, &present_modes[0], IM_ARRAYSIZE(present_modes));
//printf("[vulkan] Secondary window selected PresentMode = %d\n", wd->PresentMode);
ImGui_ImplVulkan_SelectPresentMode(viewport);

if (bd->ViewportsFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED)
{
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PrepareViewportsRendering(wd->Surface);
}
wd->SurfaceFormat = bd->ViewportsFormat;

// Create SwapChain, RenderPass, Framebuffer, etc.
wd->ClearEnable = (viewport->Flags & ImGuiViewportFlags_NoRendererClear) ? false : true;
wd->UseDynamicRendering = v->UseDynamicRendering;
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, wd, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)viewport->Size.x, (int)viewport->Size.y, v->MinImageCount, pipeline_info->SwapChainImageUsage);
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, wd, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)viewport->Size.x, (int)viewport->Size.y, v->MinImageCount, v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.SwapChainImageUsage);
vd->WindowOwned = true;

// Create pipeline (shared by all secondary viewports)
if (bd->PipelineForViewports == VK_NULL_HANDLE)
{
#ifdef IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_HAS_DYNAMIC_RENDERING
if (wd->UseDynamicRendering)
{
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RENDERING_CREATE_INFO;
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
pipeline_info->PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.pColorAttachmentFormats = &wd->SurfaceFormat.format;
}
else
{
pipeline_info->RenderPass = wd->RenderPass;
}
#endif
bd->PipelineForViewports = ImGui_ImplVulkan_CreatePipeline(v->Device, v->Allocator, VK_NULL_HANDLE, &v->PipelineInfoForViewports);
}
}

static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_DestroyWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport)
Expand All @@ -2042,7 +2094,7 @@ static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_SetWindowSize(ImGuiViewport* viewport, ImVec2 size)
return;
ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo* v = &bd->VulkanInitInfo;
vd->Window.ClearEnable = (viewport->Flags & ImGuiViewportFlags_NoRendererClear) ? false : true;
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, &vd->Window, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)size.x, (int)size.y, v->MinImageCount, v->PipelineInfoForViewports.SwapChainImageUsage);
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, &vd->Window, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)size.x, (int)size.y, v->MinImageCount, v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.SwapChainImageUsage);
}

static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_RenderWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport, void*)
Expand All @@ -2055,7 +2107,7 @@ static void ImGui_ImplVulkan_RenderWindow(ImGuiViewport* viewport, void*)

if (vd->SwapChainNeedRebuild || vd->SwapChainSuboptimal)
{
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, wd, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)viewport->Size.x, (int)viewport->Size.y, v->MinImageCount, v->PipelineInfoForViewports.SwapChainImageUsage);
ImGui_ImplVulkanH_CreateOrResizeWindow(v->Instance, v->PhysicalDevice, v->Device, wd, v->QueueFamily, v->Allocator, (int)viewport->Size.x, (int)viewport->Size.y, v->MinImageCount, v->SecondaryViewportsInfo.SwapChainImageUsage);
vd->SwapChainNeedRebuild = vd->SwapChainSuboptimal = false;
}

Expand Down
16 changes: 13 additions & 3 deletions backends/imgui_impl_vulkan.h
View file
Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
// Backend uses a small number of descriptors per font atlas + as many as additional calls done to ImGui_ImplVulkan_AddTexture().
#define IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_MINIMUM_IMAGE_SAMPLER_POOL_SIZE (8) // Minimum per atlas

// Specify settings to create pipeline and swapchain
// Specify settings to create pipeline
struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo
{
// For Main viewport only
Expand All @@ -78,8 +78,16 @@ struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo
#ifdef IMGUI_IMPL_VULKAN_HAS_DYNAMIC_RENDERING
VkPipelineRenderingCreateInfoKHR PipelineRenderingCreateInfo; // Optional, valid if .sType == VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RENDERING_CREATE_INFO_KHR
#endif
};

struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_SecondaryViewportsInfo
{
// Ignored if .format == VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED
VkSurfaceFormatKHR DesiredFormat;
// Ignored if set to VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAX_ENUM_KHR
// Warning: The default zero initialized value is VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR!
VkPresentModeKHR DesiredPresentMode;

// For Secondary viewports only (created/managed by backend)
VkImageUsageFlags SwapChainImageUsage; // Extra flags for vkCreateSwapchainKHR() calls for secondary viewports. We automatically add VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT. You can add e.g. VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT if you need to capture from viewports.
};

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -107,7 +115,6 @@ struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo

// Pipeline
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo PipelineInfoMain; // Infos for Main Viewport (created by app/user)
ImGui_ImplVulkan_PipelineInfo PipelineInfoForViewports; // Infos for Secondary Viewports (created by backend)
//VkRenderPass RenderPass; // --> Since 2025/09/26: set 'PipelineInfoMain.RenderPass' instead
//uint32_t Subpass; // --> Since 2025/09/26: set 'PipelineInfoMain.Subpass' instead
//VkSampleCountFlagBits MSAASamples; // --> Since 2025/09/26: set 'PipelineInfoMain.MSAASamples' instead
Expand All @@ -117,6 +124,9 @@ struct ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo
// Need to explicitly enable VK_KHR_dynamic_rendering extension to use this, even for Vulkan 1.3 + setup PipelineInfoMain.PipelineRenderingCreateInfo and PipelineInfoViewports.PipelineRenderingCreateInfo.
bool UseDynamicRendering;

// Optional
ImGui_ImplVulkan_SecondaryViewportsInfo SecondaryViewportsInfo;

// (Optional) Allocation, Debugging
const VkAllocationCallbacks* Allocator;
void (*CheckVkResultFn)(VkResult err);
Expand Down