test-worker-stack-overflow.js + stricter environmentData tests

[190n]

What does this PR do?

• adds test-worker-stack-overflow.js (this is basically fixed since pass test-worker-nested-uncaught.js #19509 but it needed a tiny error message adjustment to pass)
• tests putting transferable objects in envrionmentData (it should cause spawning any worker to throw unless you put the value in transferList)

How did you verify your code works?

New tests + CI for existing ones

[robobun]

^{Updated 12:40 PM PT - Jul 18th, 2025}

@190n, your commit c629aec is building: #20926

[alii]

Approved if CI is green✅