refactor: centralize file filters and harden rules handling

[jasperan]

Summary

• centralize shared file filter state between CLI config and filemanager
• preserve rule values across partial updates, cache rules reads, and validate persisted rule data before writing
• surface rules save failures in the TUI instead of swallowing them
• preserve directory mode when refreshing the clean view and align validation with parser behavior
• fix CLI progress wiring and extend regression coverage around the parser and TUI refresh path

Testing

• go test ./...

Issues

Closes #153
Closes #198
Closes #205

[pashkov256]

Hi @jasperan. Great solution, thanks for contributing!!!