-
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 15
Commit
This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository.
updated book after 6 years oops sorry
- Loading branch information
1 parent
d949759
commit ec8dd21
Showing
19 changed files
with
1,801 additions
and
1,262 deletions.
There are no files selected for viewing
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ | ||
| converted/chapter1.txt | ||
| converted/chapter2.txt | ||
| converted/chapter3.txt | ||
| converted/chapter4.txt | ||
| converted/chapter5.txt | ||
| converted/chapter1.txt | ||
| converted/chapter11.txt | ||
| converted/chapter6.txt | ||
| converted/chapter7.txt | ||
| converted/chapter10.txt | ||
| converted/chapter8.txt | ||
| converted/chapter5.txt | ||
| converted/chapter4.txt | ||
| converted/chapter16.txt | ||
| converted/chapter9.txt | ||
| converted/chapter10.txt | ||
| converted/chapter11.txt | ||
| converted/chapter14.txt | ||
| converted/chapter12.txt | ||
| converted/chapter13.txt | ||
| converted/chapter14.txt | ||
| converted/chapter15.txt | ||
| converted/chapter16.txt | ||
| converted/chapter2.txt | ||
| converted/chapter17.txt | ||
| converted/chapter7.txt | ||
| converted/chapter15.txt |
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -1,52 +1,61 @@ | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| # Getting Started {#getting_started_title} | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ## Use the Current Stable Version (7.0) {#use_the_current_stable_version_title} | ||
|
|
||
| If you are getting started with PHP, start with the current stable release of [PHP 7.0][php-release]. PHP 7.0 is very | ||
| new, and adds many amazing [new features](#language_highlights) over the older 5.x versions. The engine has been largely re-written, and PHP is now even quicker than older versions. | ||
| ## Windows Setup {#windows_setup_title} | ||
|
|
||
| Most commonly in the near future you will find PHP 5.x being used, and the latest 5.x version is 5.6. This is not a bad option, but you should try to upgrade to the latest stable quickly - PHP 5.6 [will not receive security updates beyond 2018](http://php.net/supported-versions.php). Upgrading is really quite easy, as there are not many [backwards compatibility breaks][php70-bc]. If you are not sure which version a function or feature is in, you can check the PHP documentation on the [php.net][php-docs] website. | ||
|
|
||
| [php-release]: http://php.net/downloads.php | ||
| [php-docs]: http://php.net/manual/ | ||
| [php70-bc]: http://php.net/manual/migration70.incompatible.php | ||
| You can download the binaries from [windows.php.net/download][php-downloads]. After the extraction of PHP, it is recommended to set the [PATH][windows-path] to the root of your PHP folder (where php.exe is located) so you can execute PHP from anywhere. | ||
|
|
||
| For learning and local development, you can use the built in webserver with PHP 5.4+ so you don't need to worry about | ||
| configuring it. If you would like an "all-in-one" which includes a full-blown webserver and MySQL too then tools such | ||
| as the [XAMPP][xampp], [EasyPHP][easyphp], [OpenServer][openserver] and [WAMP][wamp] will | ||
| help get a Windows development environment up and running fast. That said, these tools will be a little different from | ||
| production so be careful of environment differences if you are working on Windows and deploying to Linux. | ||
|
|
||
| ## Built-in web server {#builtin_web_server_title} | ||
| If you need to run your production system on Windows, then IIS7 will give you the most stable and best performance. You | ||
| can use [phpmanager][phpmanager] (a GUI plugin for IIS7) to make configuring and managing PHP simple. IIS7 comes with | ||
| FastCGI built in and ready to go, you just need to configure PHP as a handler. For support and additional resources | ||
| there is a [dedicated area on iis.net][php-iis] for PHP. | ||
|
|
||
| With PHP 5.4 or newer, you can start learning PHP without installing and configuring a full-fledged web server. | ||
| To start the server, run the following command from your terminal in your project's web root: | ||
| Generally running your application on different environment in development and production can lead to strange bugs popping up when you go | ||
| live. If you are developing on Windows and deploying to Linux (or anything non-Windows) then you should consider using a [Virtual Machine](/#virtualization_title). | ||
|
|
||
| Chris Tankersley has a very helpful blog post on what tools he uses to do [PHP development using Windows][windows-tools]. | ||
|
|
||
| {lang="console"} | ||
| ~~~~~~~~ | ||
| > php -S localhost:8000 | ||
| ~~~~~~~~ | ||
| [easyphp]: http://www.easyphp.org/ | ||
| [phpmanager]: http://phpmanager.codeplex.com/ | ||
| [openserver]: http://open-server.ru/ | ||
| [wamp]: http://www.wampserver.com/en/ | ||
| [php-downloads]: http://windows.php.net/download/ | ||
| [php-iis]: http://php.iis.net/ | ||
| [windows-path]: http://www.windows-commandline.com/set-path-command-line/ | ||
| [windows-tools]: http://ctankersley.com/2016/11/13/developing-on-windows-2016/ | ||
| [xampp]: http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html | ||
|
|
||
| * [Learn about the built-in, command line web server][cli-server] | ||
|
|
||
| ## Mac Setup {#mac_setup_title} | ||
|
|
||
| [cli-server]: http://php.net/features.commandline.webserver | ||
| macOS comes prepackaged with PHP but it is normally a little behind the latest stable release. There are multiple ways to install the latest PHP version on macOS. | ||
|
|
||
| ### Install PHP via Homebrew | ||
|
|
||
| ## Mac Setup {#mac_setup_title} | ||
| [Homebrew] is a package manager for macOS that helps you easily install PHP and various extensions. The Homebrew core repository provides "formulae" for PHP 5.6, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.0 and PHP 8.1. Install the latest version with this command: | ||
|
|
||
| OS X comes prepackaged with PHP but it is normally a little behind the latest stable. Mavericks has 5.4.17, | ||
| Yosemite 5.5.9, El Capitan 5.5.29 and Sierra 5.6.24, but with PHP 7.0 out that is often not good enough. | ||
| ``` | ||
| brew install [email protected] | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| There are multiple ways to install PHP on OS X. | ||
| You can switch between Homebrew PHP versions by modifying your `PATH` variable. Alternatively, you can use [brew-php-switcher][brew-php-switcher] to switch PHP versions automatically. | ||
|
|
||
| ### Install PHP via Homebrew | ||
| You can also switch between PHP versions manually by unlinking and linking the wanted version: | ||
|
|
||
| [Homebrew] is a powerful package manager for OS X, which can help you install PHP and various extensions easily. | ||
| [Homebrew PHP] is a repository that contains PHP-related "formulae" for Homebrew, and will let you install PHP. | ||
| ``` | ||
| brew unlink php | ||
| brew link --overwrite [email protected] | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| At this point, you can install `php53`, `php54`, `php55`, `php56` or `php70` using the `brew install` command, and switch | ||
| between them by modifying your `PATH` variable. Alternatively you can use [brew-php-switcher][brew-php-switcher] which will switch automatically for you. | ||
| ``` | ||
| brew unlink php | ||
| brew link --overwrite [email protected] | ||
| ``` | ||
|
|
||
| ### Install PHP via Macports | ||
|
|
||
|
|
@@ -59,14 +68,14 @@ MacPorts supports pre-compiled binaries, so you don't need to recompile every | |
| dependency from the source tarball files, it saves your life if you don't | ||
| have any package installed on your system. | ||
|
|
||
| At this point, you can install `php54`, `php55`, `php56` or `php70` using the `port install` command, for example: | ||
| At this point, you can install `php54`, `php55`, `php56`, `php70`, `php71`, `php72`, `php73`, `php74`, `php80` or `php81` using the `port install` command, for example: | ||
|
|
||
| sudo port install php56 | ||
| sudo port install php70 | ||
| sudo port install php74 | ||
| sudo port install php81 | ||
|
|
||
| And you can run `select` command to switch your active PHP: | ||
|
|
||
| sudo port select --set php php70 | ||
| sudo port select --set php php81 | ||
|
|
||
| ### Install PHP via phpbrew | ||
|
|
||
|
|
@@ -75,7 +84,7 @@ applications/projects require different versions of PHP, and you are not using v | |
|
|
||
| ### Install PHP via Liip's binary installer | ||
|
|
||
| Another popular option is [php-osx.liip.ch] which provides one liner installation methods for versions 5.3 through 7.0. | ||
| Another popular option is [php-osx.liip.ch] which provides one liner installation methods for versions 5.3 through 7.3. | ||
| It doesn't overwrite the PHP binaries installed by Apple, but installs everything in a separate location (/usr/local/php5). | ||
|
|
||
| ### Compile from Source | ||
|
|
@@ -86,51 +95,67 @@ In that case be sure to have installed either [Xcode][xcode-gcc-substitution] or | |
|
|
||
| ### All-in-One Installers | ||
|
|
||
| The solutions listed above mainly handle PHP itself, and do not supply things like Apache, Nginx or a SQL server. | ||
| The solutions listed above mainly handle PHP itself, and do not supply things like [Apache][apache], [Nginx][nginx] or a SQL server. | ||
| "All-in-one" solutions such as [MAMP][mamp-downloads] and [XAMPP][xampp] will install these other bits of software for | ||
| you and tie them all together, but ease of setup comes with a trade-off of flexibility. | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| [Homebrew]: http://brew.sh/ | ||
| [Homebrew]: https://brew.sh/ | ||
| [Homebrew PHP]: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-php#installation | ||
| [MacPorts]: https://www.macports.org/install.php | ||
| [phpbrew]: https://github.com/phpbrew/phpbrew | ||
| [php-osx.liip.ch]: http://php-osx.liip.ch/ | ||
| [mac-compile]: http://php.net/install.macosx.compile | ||
| [php-osx.liip.ch]: https://php-osx.liip.ch/ | ||
| [mac-compile]: https://secure.php.net/install.macosx.compile | ||
| [xcode-gcc-substitution]: https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer | ||
| ["Command Line Tools for XCode"]: https://developer.apple.com/downloads | ||
| [mamp-downloads]: http://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/ | ||
| [xampp]: http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html | ||
| [apache]: https://httpd.apache.org/ | ||
| [nginx]: https://www.nginx.com/ | ||
| [mamp-downloads]: https://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/ | ||
| [xampp]: https://www.apachefriends.org/index.html | ||
| [brew-php-switcher]: https://github.com/philcook/brew-php-switcher | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ## Windows Setup {#windows_setup_title} | ||
|
|
||
| You can download the binaries from [windows.php.net/download][php-downloads]. After the extraction of PHP, it is recommended to set the [PATH][windows-path] to the root of your PHP folder (where php.exe is located) so you can execute PHP from anywhere. | ||
|
|
||
| For learning and local development, you can use the built in webserver with PHP 5.4+ so you don't need to worry about | ||
| configuring it. If you would like an "all-in-one" which includes a full-blown webserver and MySQL too then tools such | ||
| as the [Web Platform Installer][wpi], [XAMPP][xampp], [EasyPHP][easyphp], [OpenServer][openserver] and [WAMP][wamp] will | ||
| help get a Windows development environment up and running fast. That said, these tools will be a little different from | ||
| production so be careful of environment differences if you are working on Windows and deploying to Linux. | ||
|
|
||
| If you need to run your production system on Windows, then IIS7 will give you the most stable and best performance. You | ||
| can use [phpmanager][phpmanager] (a GUI plugin for IIS7) to make configuring and managing PHP simple. IIS7 comes with | ||
| FastCGI built in and ready to go, you just need to configure PHP as a handler. For support and additional resources | ||
| there is a [dedicated area on iis.net][php-iis] for PHP. | ||
|
|
||
| Generally running your application on different environment in development and production can lead to strange bugs popping up when you go | ||
| live. If you are developing on Windows and deploying to Linux (or anything non-Windows) then you should consider using a [Virtual Machine](/#virtualization_title). | ||
| ## Common Directory structure {#common_directory_structure_title} | ||
|
|
||
| Chris Tankersley has a very helpful blog post on what tools he uses to do [PHP development using Windows][windows-tools]. | ||
| A common question among those starting out with writing programs for the web is, "where do I put my stuff?" Over the years, this answer has consistently been "where the `DocumentRoot` is." Although this answer is not complete, it's a great place to start. | ||
|
|
||
| [easyphp]: http://www.easyphp.org/ | ||
| [phpmanager]: http://phpmanager.codeplex.com/ | ||
| [openserver]: http://open-server.ru/ | ||
| [wamp]: http://www.wampserver.com/en/ | ||
| [php-downloads]: http://windows.php.net/download/ | ||
| [php-iis]: http://php.iis.net/ | ||
| [windows-path]: http://www.windows-commandline.com/set-path-command-line/ | ||
| [windows-tools]: http://ctankersley.com/2015/07/01/developing-on-windows/ | ||
| [wpi]: http://www.microsoft.com/web/downloads/platform.aspx | ||
| [xampp]: http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html | ||
| For security reasons, configuration files should not be accessible by a site's visitors; therefore, public scripts are kept in a public directory and private configurations and data are kept outside of that directory. | ||
|
|
||
| For each team, CMS, or framework one works in, a standard directory structure is used by each of those entities. However, if one is starting a project alone, knowing which filesystem structure to use can be daunting. | ||
|
|
||
| [Paul M. Jones] has done some fantastic research into common practices of tens of thousands of github projects in the realm of PHP. He has compiled a standard file and directory structure, the [Standard PHP Package Skeleton], based on this research. In this directory structure, `DocumentRoot` should point to `public/`, unit tests should be in the `tests/` directory, and third party libraries, as installed by [composer], belong in the `vendor/` directory. For other files and directories, abiding by the [Standard PHP Package Skeleton] will make the most sense to contributors of a project. | ||
|
|
||
| [Paul M. Jones]: http://paul-m-jones.com/ | ||
| [Standard PHP Package Skeleton]: https://github.com/php-pds/skeleton | ||
| [Composer]: /#composer_and_packagist | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| # Getting Started {#getting_started_title} | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ## Use the Current Stable Version (8.1) {#use_the_current_stable_version_title} | ||
|
|
||
| If you are getting started with PHP, start with the current stable release of [PHP 8.1][php-release]. PHP 8.x adds many [new features](#language_highlights) over the older 7.x and 5.x versions. The engine has been largely re-written, and PHP is now even quicker than older versions. PHP 8 is a major update of the language and contains many new features and optimizations. | ||
|
|
||
| You should try to upgrade to the latest stable version quickly - PHP 5.6 [is already End of Life](http://php.net/supported-versions.php). Upgrading is easy, as there are not many [backwards compatibility breaks][php-bc]. If you are not sure which version a function or feature is in, you can check the PHP documentation on the [php.net][php-docs] website. | ||
|
|
||
| [php-release]: http://php.net/downloads.php | ||
| [php-docs]: http://php.net/manual/ | ||
| [php-bc]: http://php.net/manual/migration81.incompatible.php | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| ## Built-in web server {#builtin_web_server_title} | ||
|
|
||
| With PHP 5.4 or newer, you can start learning PHP without installing and configuring a full-fledged web server. | ||
| To start the server, run the following command from your terminal in your project's web root: | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| {lang="console"} | ||
| ~~~~~~~~ | ||
| > php -S localhost:8000 | ||
| ~~~~~~~~ | ||
|
|
||
| * [Learn about the built-in, command line web server][cli-server] | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| [cli-server]: http://php.net/features.commandline.webserver | ||
Oops, something went wrong.