Just some notes on maximum likelihood fitting, typically used in the context of particle physics. Might add a little more later.
https://iminuit.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
https://iminuit.readthedocs.io/en/stable/about.html#technical-docs
https://iminuit.readthedocs.io/en/stable/notebooks/cost_functions.html
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0010465575900399?via%3Dihub