reportEmi: more summations and consistency

[lecfab]

Purpose of this PR

Add the following reporting for Gross and Cumulated CO2 emissions (and use it for more detailed cs2 charts):

+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Energy|Demand (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Energy|Supply (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Energy (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Energy|Demand (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Energy|Demand|Buildings (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Energy|Demand|Transport (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Energy|Supply (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Cumulated|Gross|Industrial Processes (Mt CO2)
+ Emi|CO2|Gross|Industrial Processes (Mt CO2/yr)

Add the following summations:

Emi|CO2 = |CDR + |Gross
Emi|CO2|Gross = |Energy + |Industrial Processes + |Waste

• I will push the make build after integrating reviewers' comments

Checklist:

I checked the tests when running buildLibrary and made sure that my changes

• do not create new complaints about summation checks.
• do not create new complaints about missing variables that are expected in the piamInterfaces package. (If needed, adjust piamInterfaces mappings based on the README.md. In case of complaints unrelated to your changes that you are unable to fix, please open an issue in piamInterfaces.)

[fbenke-pik]

Did you test that you did not introduce any summation errors? You should run remind2::convGDX2MIF on some representative gdxes and make sure the output yields "All Summation Checks were fine"

[fschreyer]

If no summation errors are introduced, I am fine with it.

[fschreyer]

Aren't gross emissions = net emissions for industrial processes? We only have cement calcination emissions here which are purely fossil and chemical feedstock processing emissions which cannot be captured. I don't see how there can be negative emissions.

Although maybe in the future...

[lecfab]

It's possible that emi|gross|ip = emi|ip, although I'm not sure because there is also a variable "Emi|CO2|Industrial Processes|CDR Sector|+|OAE (Mt CO2/yr)".

In any case, I find it clearer if there is an intuitive summation of Emi|CO2|Gross components rather than having to guess that emi|ip is probably gross already (this type of guess is not obvious as a non-emission expert). What do you think?

[fschreyer]

And Emi|CO2|+++|Gross + Emi|CO2|+++|CDR actually always sum up to Emi|CO2? I vaguely remember there was at some point a reason why we didn't put the summation pluses here.

Generally, ofc good to have.

[lecfab]

Ah thanks, didnt think of that. Could it have been that plastics used to create a delay between when they account for CDR and when they are burnt and emit?
I'll check how bad the summation is currently.

[lecfab]

Correction: this code snippet should ensure the summation?

    # total gross emissions (CDR and Gross should add up to net emissions)
    setNames(
      out[, , "Emi|CO2 (Mt CO2/yr)"]
      - out[, , "Emi|CO2|+++|CDR (Mt CO2/yr)"],
      "Emi|CO2|+++|Gross (Mt CO2/yr)"
    )

[fschreyer]

Is that an unfixed bug?

[lecfab]

The two line plots were exactly similar except for the y-scale.
I thought it made more sense to keep only one chart, and indicate the scaling factor.

Fine