Add transaction size validation to RPC endpoints

Cargo.toml

@@ -228,6 +228,10 @@ precompile-utils = { path = "precompiles", default-features = false }
 # Frontier Template
 frontier-template-runtime = { path = "template/runtime", default-features = false }
 
+# TODO: Remove this patch before merging once ethereum 0.19.0 is released
+[patch.crates-io]
+ethereum = { git = "https://github.com/rust-ethereum/ethereum.git", rev = "5185fe8efa62add7e989660a69c6945c8a3ae64e" }
+
 [profile.release]
 # Substrate runtime requires unwinding.
 panic = "unwind"

client/rpc-core/src/types/mod.rs

@@ -63,7 +63,9 @@ pub use self::{
 		Peers, PipProtocolInfo, SyncInfo, SyncStatus, TransactionStats,
 	},
 	transaction::{LocalTransactionStatus, RichRawTransaction, Transaction},
-	transaction_request::{TransactionMessage, TransactionRequest},
+	transaction_request::{
+		TransactionMessage, TransactionRequest, DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES, TX_SLOT_BYTE_SIZE,
+	},
 	work::Work,
 };
 

client/rpc-core/src/types/transaction_request.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer};
 
 use crate::types::Bytes;
 
+/// The default byte size of a transaction slot (32 KiB).
+pub const TX_SLOT_BYTE_SIZE: usize = 32 * 1024;
+
+/// The default maximum size a single transaction can have (128 KiB).
+/// This is the RLP-encoded size of the signed transaction.
+pub const DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES: usize = 4 * TX_SLOT_BYTE_SIZE;
+
 /// Transaction request from the RPC.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq, Deserialize)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -174,6 +181,27 @@ impl TransactionRequest {
 	fn chain_id_u64(&self) -> u64 {
 		self.chain_id.map(|id| id.as_u64()).unwrap_or_default()
 	}
+
+	/// Calculates the RLP-encoded size of the signed transaction for DoS protection.
+	///
+	/// This converts the request to a `TransactionMessage` using default values for any
+	/// missing fields, then delegates to `TransactionMessage::encoded_length()`.
+	///
+	/// **Note:** For `eth_sendTransaction`, prefer calling `TransactionMessage::validate_size()`
+	/// on the fully-populated message (after nonce, gas, fees, chain ID are filled in)
+	/// to get an accurate size measurement.
+	///
+	/// Returns an error if the transaction request cannot be converted to a valid message type.
+	pub fn encoded_length(&self) -> Result<usize, String> {
+		let message: Option<TransactionMessage> = self.clone().into();
+
+		match message {
+			Some(msg) => Ok(msg.encoded_length()),
+			None => Err(
+				"invalid transaction parameters: unable to determine transaction type".to_string(),
+			),
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 /// Additional data of the transaction.
@@ -238,6 +266,57 @@ pub enum TransactionMessage {
 	EIP7702(EIP7702TransactionMessage),
 }
 
+impl TransactionMessage {
+	/// RLP overhead for signature fields (yParity + r + s)
+	/// - yParity: 1 byte (0x00 or 0x01 encoded as single byte)
+	/// - r: typically 33 bytes (0x80 + 32 bytes, or less if leading zeros)
+	/// - s: typically 33 bytes (0x80 + 32 bytes, or less if leading zeros)
+	const SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD: usize = 1 + 33 + 33;
+
+	/// Calculates the RLP-encoded size of the signed transaction for DoS protection.
+	///
+	/// This mirrors geth's `tx.Size()` and reth's `transaction.encoded_length()` which use
+	/// actual RLP encoding to determine transaction size. We use the `encoded_len()` method
+	/// from the ethereum crate on the fully-populated message.
+	pub fn encoded_length(&self) -> usize {
+		match self {
+			// Legacy: RLP([nonce, gasPrice, gasLimit, to, value, data, v, r, s])
+			TransactionMessage::Legacy(msg) => msg.encoded_len() + Self::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD,
+			// EIP-2930: 0x01 || RLP([chainId, nonce, gasPrice, gasLimit, to, value, data, accessList, yParity, r, s])
+			TransactionMessage::EIP2930(msg) => {
+				1 + msg.encoded_len() + Self::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD
+			}
+			// EIP-1559: 0x02 || RLP([chainId, nonce, maxPriorityFeePerGas, maxFeePerGas, gasLimit, to, value, data, accessList, yParity, r, s])
+			TransactionMessage::EIP1559(msg) => {
+				1 + msg.encoded_len() + Self::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD
+			}
+			// EIP-7702: 0x04 || RLP([chainId, nonce, maxPriorityFeePerGas, maxFeePerGas, gasLimit, to, value, data, accessList, authorizationList, yParity, r, s])
+			TransactionMessage::EIP7702(msg) => {
+				1 + msg.encoded_len() + Self::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Validates that the estimated signed transaction size is within limits.
+	///
+	/// This prevents DoS attacks via oversized transactions before they enter the pool.
+	/// The limit matches geth's `txMaxSize` and reth's `DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES`.
+	///
+	/// This should be called on the fully-populated message (after nonce, gas limit,
+	/// gas price, chain ID, etc. have been filled in) to ensure the final transaction
+	/// size is accurately measured.
+	pub fn validate_size(&self) -> Result<(), String> {
+		let size = self.encoded_length();
+
+		if size > DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES {
+			return Err(format!(
+				"oversized data: transaction size {size} exceeds limit {DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES}"
+			));
+		}
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
 impl From<TransactionRequest> for Option<TransactionMessage> {
 	fn from(req: TransactionRequest) -> Self {
 		// Common fields extraction - these are used by all transaction types
@@ -446,4 +525,158 @@ mod tests {
 			}
 		);
 	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_message_size_validation_large_access_list() {
+		use ethereum::AccessListItem;
+		use ethereum_types::{H160, H256};
+
+		// Create access list that exceeds 128KB (131,072 bytes)
+		// Each storage key RLP-encodes to ~33 bytes
+		// 4000 keys * 33 bytes = 132,000 bytes > 128KB
+		let storage_keys: Vec<H256> = (0..4000).map(|_| H256::default()).collect();
+		let access_list = vec![AccessListItem {
+			address: H160::default(),
+			storage_keys,
+		}];
+		let request = TransactionRequest {
+			access_list: Some(access_list),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+		let message: Option<TransactionMessage> = request.into();
+		assert!(message.unwrap().validate_size().is_err());
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_message_size_validation_valid() {
+		use ethereum::AccessListItem;
+		use ethereum_types::{H160, H256};
+
+		// 100 storage keys is well under 128KB
+		let request = TransactionRequest {
+			access_list: Some(vec![AccessListItem {
+				address: H160::default(),
+				storage_keys: vec![H256::default(); 100],
+			}]),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+		let message: Option<TransactionMessage> = request.into();
+		assert!(message.unwrap().validate_size().is_ok());
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_encoded_length_includes_signature_overhead() {
+		// A minimal EIP-1559 transaction should include signature overhead
+		// Default TransactionRequest converts to EIP-1559 (no gas_price, no access_list)
+		let request = TransactionRequest::default();
+		let size = request.encoded_length().unwrap();
+
+		// EIP-1559 message RLP: ~11 bytes for minimal fields (all zeros/empty)
+		// + 1 byte type prefix + 67 bytes signature overhead = ~79 bytes minimum
+		// The signature overhead (67 bytes) is the key verification
+		assert!(
+			size >= TransactionMessage::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD,
+			"Size {} should be at least signature overhead {}",
+			size,
+			TransactionMessage::SIGNATURE_RLP_OVERHEAD
+		);
+
+		// Verify it's a reasonable size for a minimal transaction
+		assert!(
+			size < 200,
+			"Size {size} should be reasonable for minimal tx"
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_encoded_length_typed_transaction_overhead() {
+		use ethereum::AccessListItem;
+		use ethereum_types::H160;
+
+		// EIP-1559 transaction (has max_fee_per_gas)
+		let request = TransactionRequest {
+			max_fee_per_gas: Some(U256::from(1000)),
+			access_list: Some(vec![AccessListItem {
+				address: H160::default(),
+				storage_keys: vec![],
+			}]),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+		let typed_size = request.encoded_length().unwrap();
+
+		// Legacy transaction
+		let legacy_request = TransactionRequest {
+			gas_price: Some(U256::from(1000)),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+		let legacy_size = legacy_request.encoded_length().unwrap();
+
+		// Typed transaction should be larger due to:
+		// - Type byte (+1)
+		// - Chain ID (+9)
+		// - max_priority_fee_per_gas (+33)
+		// - Access list overhead
+		assert!(
+			typed_size > legacy_size,
+			"Typed tx {typed_size} should be larger than legacy {legacy_size}"
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_encoded_length_access_list_scaling() {
+		use ethereum::AccessListItem;
+		use ethereum_types::{H160, H256};
+
+		// Transaction with 10 storage keys
+		let request_10 = TransactionRequest {
+			access_list: Some(vec![AccessListItem {
+				address: H160::default(),
+				storage_keys: vec![H256::default(); 10],
+			}]),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+
+		// Transaction with 100 storage keys
+		let request_100 = TransactionRequest {
+			access_list: Some(vec![AccessListItem {
+				address: H160::default(),
+				storage_keys: vec![H256::default(); 100],
+			}]),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+
+		let size_10 = request_10.encoded_length().unwrap();
+		let size_100 = request_100.encoded_length().unwrap();
+
+		// Size should scale roughly linearly with storage keys
+		// 90 additional keys * ~34 bytes each ≈ 3060 bytes difference
+		let diff = size_100 - size_10;
+		assert!(
+			diff > 2500 && diff < 4000,
+			"Size difference {diff} should be proportional to storage keys"
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_constants_match_geth_reth() {
+		// Verify our constants match geth/reth exactly
+		assert_eq!(TX_SLOT_BYTE_SIZE, 32 * 1024); // 32 KiB
+		assert_eq!(DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES, 128 * 1024); // 128 KiB
+		assert_eq!(DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES, 4 * TX_SLOT_BYTE_SIZE);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn test_encoded_length_invalid_parameters() {
+		// Transaction with both max_fee_per_gas and gas_price set (invalid combination)
+		let request = TransactionRequest {
+			max_fee_per_gas: Some(U256::from(1000)),
+			gas_price: Some(U256::from(500)),
+			..Default::default()
+		};
+
+		assert!(request.encoded_length().is_err());
+		// Invalid parameters also fail conversion, so validate_size is unreachable
+		let message: Option<TransactionMessage> = request.into();
+		assert!(message.is_none());
+	}
 }

client/rpc/src/eth/submit.rs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use sp_core::H160;
 use sp_inherents::CreateInherentDataProviders;
 use sp_runtime::{traits::Block as BlockT, transaction_validity::TransactionSource};
 // Frontier
-use fc_rpc_core::types::*;
+use fc_rpc_core::types::{TransactionRequest, DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES, *};
 use fp_rpc::{ConvertTransaction, ConvertTransactionRuntimeApi, EthereumRuntimeRPCApi};
 
 use crate::{
@@ -128,6 +128,12 @@ where
 			_ => return Err(internal_err("invalid transaction parameters")),
 		};
 
+		// Validate size on the fully-populated message (after nonce, gas, fees, chain ID
+		// have been filled in) to accurately enforce the 128 KiB limit.
+		message
+			.validate_size()
+			.map_err(|msg| crate::err(jsonrpsee::types::error::INVALID_PARAMS_CODE, &msg, None))?;
+
 		let mut transaction = None;
 		for signer in &self.signers {
 			if signer.accounts().contains(&from) {
@@ -160,6 +166,19 @@ where
 			return Err(internal_err("transaction data is empty"));
 		}
 
+		// Validate transaction size to prevent DoS attacks.
+		// This matches geth/reth pool validation which rejects transactions > 128 KB.
+		if bytes.len() > DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES {
+			return Err(crate::err(
+				jsonrpsee::types::error::INVALID_PARAMS_CODE,
+				format!(
+					"oversized data: transaction size {} exceeds limit {DEFAULT_MAX_TX_INPUT_BYTES}",
+					bytes.len()
+				),
+				None,
+			));
+		}
+
 		let transaction: ethereum::TransactionV3 =
 			match ethereum::EnvelopedDecodable::decode(&bytes) {
 				Ok(transaction) => transaction,