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10 changes: 5 additions & 5 deletions content/zh-cn/docs/medicine/SERMs/_index.md
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Expand Up @@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ weight: 120
雌二醇,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+
“理想 SERM”,\-,\+,\+,O,O,O,\-,\+,\+,O
巴多昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,?,\-,O,\-,?
氯米芬,\-,\+,\+,?,\+,\+,\-,?,\-,O
氯米芬,\-,\+,\+,?,\+,?,\-,?,\-,O
拉索昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,?,?,O,O,\-,?
奥培米芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,O,O,\-,O
雷洛昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,O,\-,\-,O
他莫昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\-,\-,O
托瑞米芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\+,\-,\-,O
奥培米芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,?,O,O,\-,O
雷洛昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,\-,O,\-,\-,O
他莫昔芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,?,\+,\-,\-,O
托瑞米芬,\-,\+,\+,\+,\+,?,\+,\-,\-,O
```

注:SHBG - sex hormone binding globulin / 性激素结合球蛋白,一种主要与性激素,尤其是雄激素结合的血浆蛋白;IGF-1 - insulin-like growth factor 1 / 类胰岛素生长因子 1,一种受 GH(生长激素)调控的,主要通过肝脏内分泌与各组织旁分泌 / 自分泌的肽类激素;是发挥 GH 作用的主要激素
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Expand Up @@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ description: 比卡鲁胺(Bicalutamide)是雄激素受体拮抗剂,一种
- 在开始使用前应当检测血清转氨酶水平,并在服药开始 6 个月内定期监测[^5]。
- 有遗传性半乳糖不耐受、Lapp 乳糖酶缺乏症或葡萄糖-半乳糖吸收障碍的患者不得服用。
- 不可与特非那定、阿司咪唑或西沙比利联合使用。
- 与已知会延长 QT 间期或能诱导尖端扭转型室性心动过速的药物的合并用药进行仔细评价,如IA类(如奎尼丁、丙吡胺)或III 类(如胺碘酮、索他洛尔、多非利特、伊布利特)抗心律失常药、美沙酮、莫西沙星、抗精神病药等。
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## 使用方式与用量

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -77,4 +78,4 @@ description: 比卡鲁胺(Bicalutamide)是雄激素受体拮抗剂,一种
[^3]: Aly. Bicalutamide and its Adoption by the Medical Community for Use in Transfeminine Hormone Therapy [EB/OL]. *Transfeminine Science*, 2020. 译文:《[比卡鲁胺在女性化激素治疗方面的使用状况,以及医学界对其的接受情况](https://tfsci.mtf.wiki/articles/bica-adoption/)》
[^4]: [维基百科:比卡鲁胺的副作用(英文)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_effects_of_bicalutamide)
[^5]: Aly. An Introduction to Hormone Therapy for Transfeminine People [EB/OL]. *Transfeminine Science*, 2018. 译文:《[女性倾向跨性别者的激素治疗简介](https://tfsci.mtf.wiki/articles/transfem-intro/)》
[^6]: Coleman E, Radix A E, Bouman W P, et al. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8 [J]. *International Journal of Transgender Health*, 2022, *23*(Suppl 1): S1–S259. DOI: [10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644](https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644) ——[中文译本](https://project-trans.org/SOC-8)
[^6]: Coleman E, Radix A E, Bouman W P, et al. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8 [J]. *International Journal of Transgender Health*, 2022, *23*(Suppl 1): S1–S259. DOI: [10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644](https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644) ——[中文译本](https://project-trans.org/SOC-8)
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Expand Up @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ description: 螺内酯(Spironolactone)是雄激素受体拮抗剂,一种
请仔细阅读说明书并在医师指导下使用药物。
{{< /notice >}}

螺内酯是保钾利尿药和醛固酮的特异性拮抗剂,用于治疗心衰、低钾血症和高血压等 [^3]。但是,它也会阻断雄激素受体,从而具有抗雄激素特性;不过螺内酯本身不会使睾酮降低,其阻断效力较弱,需服用较大剂量方可充分起效[^1] [^4]。\
螺内酯是保钾利尿药和醛固酮受体特异性拮抗剂,用于治疗心衰、低钾血症和高血压等 [^3]。但是,它也会拮抗雄激素受体,从而具有抗雄激素特性;不过螺内酯本身不会使睾酮降低,其阻断效力较弱,需服用较大剂量方可充分起效[^1] [^4]。\
一般对 MtF 而言,和非注射途径的中等剂量雌二醇并用时,睾酮会有大幅下降,但仍高于女性正常范围;顺性别女性用于治疗雄激素相关症状时通常需要 50~200 mg/天,而 MtF 可能需要更高剂量(如 100~300 mg/天,乃至 400 mg/天)方可阻断剩余的雄激素[^1] [^5],但随之而来的尿频、高血钾等副作用可能会更严重。

## 基本信息
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6 changes: 3 additions & 3 deletions content/zh-cn/docs/medicine/risk.md
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Expand Up @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ weight: 10

| 类型 | 性质 |
|-|-|
| 雌二醇、雌二醇酯 | 依赖 CYP3A4 代谢[^1] [^2] |
| 雌二醇、雌二醇酯 | 依赖 CYP1A2、CYP3A4 代谢[^1] [^2] |
| 醋酸环丙孕酮 | 依赖 CYP3A4 代谢[^6] [^7] |
| 醋酸甲羟孕酮 | 依赖 CYP3A4 代谢[^20] |
| 螺内酯 | 有诱导 CYP3A4 的作用[^21] [^14]<br>另可能抑制其它 CYP3A 酶系和 CYP2C11[^31] |
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诱导剂,抑制剂
**阿塞那平?**,**氟西汀**
**卡马西平**,氟伏沙明
**莫达芬尼**,**帕罗西汀**
**莫达非尼**,**帕罗西汀**
**苯巴比妥**<br>巴比妥类药或类同,奋乃静
**苯妥英**,瑞波西汀\*
**圣约翰草(贯叶连翘)**,
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -226,4 +226,4 @@ Newsletter*, 2012, 22(4): 3-4.
[^31]: Chung W G, Buhler D R. The Effect of Spironolactone Treatment on the Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism of the Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Senecionine by Hepatic Microsomes from Rats and Guinea Pigs [J]. *Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology*, 1994, 127(2): 314–319. \[DOI: [10.1006/taap.1994.1167](https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1994.1167)]
[^32]: Monroe S E, Levine L, Chang R J, et al. Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas. V, Increased Gonadotroph Responsivity in Hyperprolactinemic Women with Pituitary Adenomas [J]. *The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism*, 1981, 52(6): 1171–1178. \[DOI: [10.1210/jcem-52-6-1171](https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-52-6-1171)]
[^33]: ANI Pharmaceuticals Inc. LITHOBID&reg; U.S. Physicians Prescribing Information [EB/OL]. *Drugs@FDA*, 2022. <https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2022/018027s069lbl.pdf>
[^34]: Taylor D M, Barnes T R E, Young A H. The Maudsley&reg; Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry [M]. 14th ed. Hoboken, US: John Wiley & Sons, 2021: 851-855.
[^34]: Taylor D M, Barnes T R E, Young A H. The Maudsley&reg; Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry [M]. 14th ed. Hoboken, US: John Wiley & Sons, 2021: 851-855.