Add capability to specify state args as a dict

[bdrx312]

Also add some more type hints and change some format calls to f strings. Fix state retry tests with invalid assumptions of duration and comment.

What does this PR do?

Adds the ability to specify arguments to a state as a dictionary instead of having to specify a list of individual key: value pairs

What issues does this PR fix or reference?

Fixes #68367

Previous Behavior

Could only specify arguments to a state like this

id1:
  cmd.run:
    - name: echo testing
    - umask: '0'

New Behavior

Can specify arguments to a state like this

id1:
  cmd.run:
    name: echo testing
    umask: '0'

Merge requirements satisfied?

[NOTICE] Bug fixes or features added to Salt require tests.

• Docs
• Changelog - https://docs.saltproject.io/en/master/topics/development/changelog.html
• Tests written/updated

Commits signed with GPG?

No