Backport PR #1972 on branch 0.11.x (Catch all exceptions getting version from VCS, fallback to importlib)

[flying-sheep]

Backports #1972

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 83.73%. Comparing base (7271eb1) to head (abfc8c3).
⚠️ Report is 7 commits behind head on 0.11.x.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           0.11.x    #1977      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   86.00%   83.73%   -2.27%     
==========================================
  Files          41       41              
  Lines        6281     6285       +4     
==========================================
- Hits         5402     5263     -139     
- Misses        879     1022     +143     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/anndata/_version.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 7 files with indirect coverage changes

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