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Copilot AI commented Jan 11, 2026

SCT Health Check Optimization Plan

TL;DR: Comprehensive plan to reduce health check time from 2+ hours to ~2-15 minutes on 60-node clusters through configurable modes, smart node sampling, and parallel execution.

Problem

  • Health checks take 2+ hours on 60-node clusters after each nemesis
  • Checks run even for skipped nemesis operations
  • Sequential execution with expensive API calls on all nodes

Solution Overview

5 New Configuration Parameters:

  1. cluster_health_check_mode - Control check depth (full/status_only/majority_status/raft_only/sampled)
  2. cluster_health_check_skip_if_nemesis_skipped - Skip redundant checks
  3. cluster_health_check_sample_nodes - Topology-aware sampling (all/cluster_quorum/dc_quorum/rack_quorum/dc_one/rack_one)
  4. cluster_health_check_exclude_running_nemesis - Enable parallel nemesis scenarios
  5. cluster_health_check_parallel_workers - Concurrent execution

Expected Results:

  • Balanced approach: 120 min → 7-8 min (93% reduction) with good split-brain detection
  • Fast mode: 120 min → 2 min (98% reduction) for very large clusters

Key Innovations:

  • Smart node selection: prioritize target node, same rack/region, rotate to avoid blind spots
  • Configurable trade-offs between speed and validation depth
  • Support for parallel nemesis testing
  • Metrics collection for auto-tuning and effectiveness validation

What's in This PR

  • Detailed optimization plan in /docs/plans/health-check-optimization.md
  • 5 configuration parameters with clear trade-offs
  • Smart selection heuristics for balanced speed/coverage
  • Reference performance test plan (7 test cases)
  • Raft check investigation plan
  • Configuration suggestion tool proposal
  • Metrics tracking guidance with issue labeling strategy

Implementation

Implementation will be done in separate PRs following the plan. This PR establishes the technical approach and configuration design.

Testing

  • N/A - This PR contains only the planning document. Testing will occur in implementation PRs.

PR pre-checks (self review)

  • I added the relevant backport labels
  • I didn't leave commented-out/debugging code

Reminders

  • Add New configuration option and document them (in sdcm/sct_config.py)
  • Add unit tests to cover my changes (under unit-test/ folder)
  • Update the Readme/doc folder relevant to this change (if needed)
Original prompt

This section details on the original issue you should resolve

<issue_title>Optimized SCT Health checks (Health checks take more than 2 hours running on 45 DB nodes setup after each nemesis, even skipped ones)</issue_title>
<issue_description>Find ways to lower the time it take to do healthchecks

  1. skip them if nemesis was skipped
  2. have option to only do nodetools status checks, or only raft checks, so it can be quicker

Packages

Scylla version: 2024.3.0~dev-20241209.b5f1d87f3e83 with build-id a322e4f0d7b174dd5052eb3992c8e459d1a03b7a

Kernel Version: 6.8.0-1019-aws

Issue description

Running 5dc, 60 DB nodes test the healch checks take more than 2 hours after each of the nemesis:

2024-12-09 21:19:27,050 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-1
...
2024-12-09 22:21:44,490 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-30
...
2024-12-09 23:27:39,576 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-60
...
...
2024-12-09 23:29:50,603 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-1
...
2024-12-10 01:38:26,928 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-60
...
...
2024-12-10 01:40:40,444 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-1
...
2024-12-10 02:43:18,741 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-30
...
2024-12-10 03:49:01,819 ... c:sdcm.utils.health_checker p:DEBUG > Status for regular node long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-60

Moreover, redundant health checks cycle gets runs even if nemesis was skipped.

See Argus screenshot:
Image

Impact

Significant waste of a test run time.

How frequently does it reproduce?

1/1

Installation details

Cluster size: 60 nodes (i3en.large)

Scylla Nodes used in this run:

  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-9 (3.78.242.164 | 10.11.4.26) (shards: -1)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-8 (18.184.154.54 | 10.11.4.150) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-7 (18.195.241.190 | 10.11.6.161) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-60 (18.204.213.63 | 10.12.4.51) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-6 (18.156.122.174 | 10.11.7.240) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-59 (52.202.210.200 | 10.12.5.121) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-58 (18.212.49.124 | 10.12.5.222) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-57 (18.205.27.190 | 10.12.4.178) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-56 (3.86.145.120 | 10.12.4.208) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-55 (3.86.180.35 | 10.12.4.253) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-54 (54.172.31.83 | 10.12.4.133) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-53 (54.152.61.101 | 10.12.7.65) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-52 (3.84.51.77 | 10.12.7.208) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-51 (3.80.131.177 | 10.12.5.152) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-50 (44.203.148.120 | 10.12.7.175) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-5 (3.69.165.13 | 10.11.4.30) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-49 (54.83.154.123 | 10.12.4.235) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-48 (35.178.205.245 | 10.3.7.244) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-47 (13.41.185.36 | 10.3.4.203) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-46 (18.133.242.167 | 10.3.6.76) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-45 (13.40.198.57 | 10.3.4.39) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-44 (3.10.208.246 | 10.3.7.212) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-43 (18.175.190.20 | 10.3.6.14) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-42 (35.179.106.42 | 10.3.7.1) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-41 (13.41.163.90 | 10.3.7.29) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-40 (13.41.188.217 | 10.3.5.48) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-4 (3.122.228.171 | 10.11.4.86) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-39 (13.41.200.137 | 10.3.6.155) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f-38 (35.179.176.200 | 10.3.6.185) (shards: 2)
  • long-custom-d2-wrkld1-5dc-dev-db-node-54f56c8f...

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Copilot AI changed the title [WIP] Optimize SCT health checks to reduce execution time improvement(health-check): add plan for optimized health checks on large clusters Jan 11, 2026
Copilot AI requested a review from fruch January 11, 2026 14:50
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fruch commented Jan 11, 2026

@copilot

First put the plan into /doc/plans/ as a markdown file

The fact that nodetool status is the quickest isn't accurate since we are cross checking for each node report against each other, to be able to detect splitbrain situations.

Maybe we can apply some heuristics, and check majority of the nodes only, would that be enough.

Also I find it weird that the raft check is taking more time, we. should plan building an integration test to help evaluate it and improve each of the methods

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Copilot AI commented Jan 11, 2026

@copilot

First put the plan into /doc/plans/ as a markdown file...

Created detailed plan in /docs/plans/health-check-optimization.md (commit a69e73d).

Key corrections made:

  • Fixed nodetool status analysis: it requires cross-checking multiple nodes for split-brain detection, not just a single call
  • Added majority_status mode that balances speed with split-brain detection by checking consensus among >50% of nodes
  • Trade-off clearly documented: status_only is fast but may miss split-brain, majority_status provides good detection with 87% time reduction

Raft investigation plan added:

  • TC4 in integration test plan specifically measures Raft check timing
  • Instrumentation to identify bottleneck (query time, parsing, connection overhead)
  • Plan to compare with nodetool alternatives
  • Will test at 10, 30, and 60 node scales to identify if it scales linearly

The integration test plan includes 7 test cases to evaluate and improve each method with specific expected outcomes and metrics to collect.

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fruch commented Jan 11, 2026

@copilot

fix pre-commit formatting errors

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Copilot AI commented Jan 11, 2026

@copilot

fix pre-commit formatting errors

Fixed trailing whitespace formatting errors in commit 184d6f6.

Removed trailing whitespace from 11 lines in the plan document to comply with pre-commit checks.

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fruch commented Jan 11, 2026

@vponomaryov can you take review this plan ?

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fruch commented Jan 14, 2026

@scylladb/qa-maintainers @temichus @aleksbykov comments abut this plan are welcomed (see the markdown it's introducing

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I like the approach for having plans and review like this before implementing.

At this stage I would say we don't need sections:

  • Recommended Configurations
  • Implementation Phases & Timeline
  • Integration Test Plan (commented separately)

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LGTM, just need to squash commits into 1

- Address review feedback: moved plan from PR description to docs/plans/
- Corrected nodetool status analysis: requires cross-checking for split-brain
- Added investigation plan for unexpectedly slow Raft checks
- Added integration test plan to measure and optimize each method
- Documented trade-offs between speed and split-brain detection
- Added majority validation heuristic for balanced approach
- Included 7 integration test cases with expected outcomes

Co-authored-by: fruch <[email protected]>
@fruch fruch force-pushed the copilot/optimize-health-checks-duration branch from f78501b to cec6233 Compare January 20, 2026 18:39
@fruch fruch requested a review from soyacz January 20, 2026 18:40
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fruch commented Jan 20, 2026

@copilot

start the first phase of the plan

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Copilot AI commented Jan 20, 2026

@copilot

start the first phase of the plan

Phase 1 implementation will be done in a separate PR focused on code changes. This PR contains the optimization plan document that has been reviewed and approved. The plan serves as the specification for the implementation work.

To begin Phase 1 implementation, I'll need to create a new PR that implements the cluster_health_check_skip_if_nemesis_skipped feature as described in the plan.

@fruch fruch marked this pull request as ready for review January 20, 2026 22:20
- `status_only`: ~20% miss rate (acceptable for quick checks?)
- `majority_status`: ~5% miss rate (acceptable for normal checks?)

2. **Should we cache Raft group0 state?**
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no, caching status check is counter productive, we care about current status, not status from last time we checked

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Removed the caching question in commit ef39d28. Health checks now always fetch current status, not stale cached data.

- Pro: Faster checks
- Con: May show stale data if topology changes rapidly

3. **Should sampling be deterministic or random?**
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something in the middle, we should have some nodes that should be favored, but still we should aim to randomize the ones aren't favored

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Updated sampling question in commit ef39d28 to reflect balanced approach: favor certain nodes (target, recently modified, same rack/region) while randomizing selection among remaining nodes for better coverage.

Three key updates to the Open Questions section:

1. Remove caching question (comment 2710278999)
   - Removed question about caching Raft group0 state
   - Caching is counter-productive as we need current status, not stale data
   - Health checks must reflect real-time cluster state

2. Update sampling strategy question (comment 2710282161)
   - Changed from deterministic-vs-random binary choice
   - Now describes balanced approach: favor certain nodes + randomize others
   - Favored nodes: target node, recently modified, same rack/region
   - Randomize among remaining nodes for better coverage
   - Combines deterministic priority with random coverage

3. Add configuration suggestion tool question (comment 2710284993)
   - New question about providing a script/tool for config suggestions
   - Tool would suggest optimal config based on cluster size, test type, risk tolerance
   - Example command: `sct.py suggest-health-check-config --nodes 60 --dcs 5`
   - Helps users choose appropriate settings without trial-and-error

Renumbered remaining questions for consistency.

Addresses feedback from @fruch in comments 2710278999, 2710282161, 2710284993.

Co-authored-by: fruch <[email protected]>
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fruch commented Jan 20, 2026

@copilot update the PR description with short executive summary of the plan, and drop all the extra details

…trics tracking

Two key changes based on PR feedback:

1. Remove "Implementation Phases & Timeline" section (comment 2710294293)
   - Removed detailed week-by-week implementation schedule
   - Implementation will be tracked through separate PRs
   - Keeps plan focused on technical approach, not schedule

2. Enhance metrics tracking question (comment 2710292646)
   - Add specific guidance on collecting metrics into Adaptive Timeout system
   - Define issue labeling approach: use `detected-by:health-check` label
   - Clarify tracking challenges: false positives require manual validation
   - Explain how metrics enable auto-tuning and effectiveness validation

These changes keep the plan focused on the technical solution while adding
practical guidance on metrics collection and issue tracking.

Addresses feedback from @fruch in comments 2710294293, 2710292646.

Co-authored-by: fruch <[email protected]>
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Copilot AI commented Jan 20, 2026

@copilot update the PR description with short executive summary of the plan, and drop all the extra details

Updated PR description with executive summary in commit 9835e90.

New format:

  • TL;DR with problem/solution/results
  • 5 configuration parameters overview
  • Expected results: 93-98% time reduction
  • Key innovations highlighted
  • Removed verbose implementation details and checklists

The description now provides a concise overview while linking to the full plan document for details.

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Optimized SCT Health checks (Health checks take more than 2 hours running on 45 DB nodes setup after each nemesis, even skipped ones)

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