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feat: N-ary CASE WHEN expressions #20

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Merged
lukekim merged 3 commits into from
Feb 5, 2026
Merged

feat: N-ary CASE WHEN expressions #20

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14524f6
N-ary
lukekim Feb 4, 2026
8124f41
fix: update threshold and value literals in n-ary CASE WHEN benchmark
lukekim Feb 5, 2026
7bc7853
refactor: streamline context creation in benchmarks and improve test …
lukekim Feb 5, 2026
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114 changes: 93 additions & 21 deletions vortex-array/benches/expr/case_when_bench.rs
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ use vortex_array::expr::case_when;
use vortex_array::expr::get_item;
use vortex_array::expr::gt;
use vortex_array::expr::lit;
use vortex_array::expr::nested_case_when;
use vortex_array::expr::root;
use vortex_array::session::ArraySession;
use vortex_array::validity::Validity;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -45,16 +44,16 @@ fn make_struct_array(size: usize) -> ArrayRef {
}

/// Benchmark a simple binary CASE WHEN with varying array sizes.
#[divan::bench(args = [1000, 10000, 100000])]
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
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fn case_when_simple(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
let array = make_struct_array(size);

// CASE WHEN value > 500 THEN 100 ELSE 0 END
let expr = case_when(
let expr = case_when([
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(500i32)),
lit(100i32),
lit(0i32),
);
]);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
Expand All @@ -68,20 +67,21 @@ fn case_when_simple(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
});
}

/// Benchmark nested CASE WHEN with multiple conditions.
#[divan::bench(args = [1000, 10000, 100000])]
fn case_when_nested_3_conditions(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
/// Benchmark n-ary CASE WHEN with multiple conditions.
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
fn case_when_nary_3_conditions(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
let array = make_struct_array(size);

// CASE WHEN value > 750 THEN 3 WHEN value > 500 THEN 2 WHEN value > 250 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
let expr = nested_case_when(
vec![
(gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(750i32)), lit(3i32)),
(gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(500i32)), lit(2i32)),
(gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(250i32)), lit(1i32)),
],
Some(lit(0i32)),
);
let expr = case_when([
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(750i32)),
lit(3i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(500i32)),
lit(2i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(250i32)),
lit(1i32),
lit(0i32),
]);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
Expand All @@ -96,16 +96,16 @@ fn case_when_nested_3_conditions(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
}

/// Benchmark CASE WHEN where all conditions are true (short-circuit path).
#[divan::bench(args = [1000, 10000, 100000])]
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
fn case_when_all_true(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
let array = make_struct_array(size);

// CASE WHEN value >= 0 THEN 100 ELSE 0 END (always true for our data)
let expr = case_when(
let expr = case_when([
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(-1i32)),
lit(100i32),
lit(0i32),
);
]);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
Expand All @@ -120,16 +120,88 @@ fn case_when_all_true(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
}

/// Benchmark CASE WHEN where all conditions are false (short-circuit path).
#[divan::bench(args = [1000, 10000, 100000])]
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
fn case_when_all_false(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
let array = make_struct_array(size);

// CASE WHEN value > 1000000 THEN 100 ELSE 0 END (always false for our data)
let expr = case_when(
let expr = case_when([
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(1_000_000i32)),
lit(100i32),
lit(0i32),
);
]);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
.bench_refs(|(expr, array)| {
let mut ctx = SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
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Outdated
array
.apply(expr)
.unwrap()
.execute::<Canonical>(&mut ctx)
.unwrap()
});
}

/// Benchmark n-ary CASE WHEN with 10 conditions.
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
fn case_when_nary_10_conditions(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
let array = make_struct_array(size);

// Build 10 WHEN/THEN pairs with decreasing thresholds
let expr = case_when([
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(900i32)),
lit(10i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(800i32)),
lit(9i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(700i32)),
lit(8i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(600i32)),
lit(7i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(500i32)),
lit(6i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(400i32)),
lit(5i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(300i32)),
lit(4i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(200i32)),
lit(3i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(100i32)),
lit(2i32),
gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(0i32)),
lit(1i32),
lit(0i32), // else
]);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
.bench_refs(|(expr, array)| {
let mut ctx = SESSION.create_execution_ctx();
array
.apply(expr)
.unwrap()
.execute::<Canonical>(&mut ctx)
.unwrap()
});
}

/// Benchmark n-ary CASE WHEN with 100 conditions.
#[divan::bench(args = [10000, 100000, 1000000])]
fn case_when_nary_100_conditions(bencher: Bencher, size: usize) {
use vortex_array::expr::Expression;

let array = make_struct_array(size);

// Build 100 WHEN/THEN pairs programmatically
let mut children: Vec<Expression> = Vec::with_capacity(201);
for i in (1..=100).rev() {
let threshold = i * 10; // thresholds: 1000, 990, 980, ..., 10
children.push(gt(get_item("value", root()), lit(threshold as i32)));
children.push(lit(i as i32));
}
children.push(lit(0i32)); // else

let expr = case_when(children);

bencher
.with_inputs(|| (&expr, &array))
Expand Down
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