TARDIS is a tool that creates synthetic observations (spectra) for exploding stars (supernovae).
We provide TARDIS as a free, open-source tool. If you are using it, please adhere to a few policies and acknowledge the TARDIS Team.
If you use this code for any publications or presentations please acknowledge it. Please cite Kerzendorf & Sim 2014 in the text and add the following paragraph to the Acknowledgement section:
This research made use of \textsc{tardis}, a community-developed software package for spectral
synthesis in supernovae \citep{2014MNRAS.440..387K, kerzendorf_2026_22436000}. The
development of \textsc{tardis} received support from GitHub, the Google Summer of Code
initiative, and from ESA's Summer of Code in Space program. \textsc{tardis} is a fiscally
sponsored project of NumFOCUS. \textsc{tardis} makes extensive use of Astropy.
If you use any of the full relativity treatments or use TARDIS for modelling Type II supernovae, also add Spectral modeling of type II supernovae. I. Dilution factors to the Acknowledgement.
citep{2019A&A...621A..29V}
The following BibTeX entries are needed for the references:
@ARTICLE{2014MNRAS.440..387K,
author = {{Kerzendorf}, W.~E. and {Sim}, S.~A.},
title = "{A spectral synthesis code for rapid modelling of supernovae}",
journal = {\mnras},
archivePrefix = "arXiv",
eprint = {1401.5469},
primaryClass = "astro-ph.SR",
keywords = {radiative transfer, methods: numerical, supernovae: general},
year = 2014,
month = may,
volume = 440,
pages = {387-404},
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stu055},
adsurl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014MNRAS.440..387K},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}@ARTICLE{2019A&A...621A..29V,
author = {{Vogl}, C. and {Sim}, S.~A. and {Noebauer}, U.~M. and {Kerzendorf}, W.~E. and {Hillebrandt}, W.},
title = "{Spectral modeling of type II supernovae. I. Dilution factors}",
journal = {\aap},
keywords = {radiative transfer, methods: numerical, stars: distances, supernovae: general, supernovae: individual: SN1999em, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
year = "2019",
month = "Jan",
volume = {621},
eid = {A29},
pages = {A29},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201833701},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
eprint = {1811.02543},
primaryClass = {astro-ph.HE},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019A&A...621A..29V},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}@software{kerzendorf_2026_22436000,
author = {Kerzendorf, Wolfgang and
Sim, Stuart and
Vogl, Christian and
Williamson, Marc and
Pássaro, Ezequiel and
Flörs, Andreas and
Camacho, Yssa and
Jančauskas, Vytautas and
Harpole, Alice and
Nöbauer, Ulrich and
Lietzau, Stefan and
Mishin, Mikhail and
Tsamis, Fotis and
Boyle, Aoife and
Shingles, Luke and
Gupta, Vaibhav and
Desai, Karan and
Klauser, Michael and
Beaujean, Frederik and
Suban-Loewen, Adam and
Heringer, Epson and
Barna, Barnabás and
Gautam, Gaurav and
Arya, Atharva and
Smith, Isaac and
Shields, Joshua and
Cawley, Kevin and
Singhal, Jaladh and
Fullard, Andrew and
Barbosa, Talytha and
Yu, Jenny and
O'Brien, Jack and
Sondhi, Dhruv and
Shields, Josh and
Patel, Maryam and
Varanasi, Kaushik and
Rathi, Shikha and
Gillanders, James and
Chitchyan, Sona and
Marie Lynn, Haille and
Savel, Arjun and
Gupta, Sumit and
Singh, Shreyas and
Eweis, Youssef and
Reinecke, Martin and
Shah, Swayam and
Holas, Alexander and
Visser, Erin and
McClellan, Connor and
Bylund, Tomas and
Black, William and
Bentil, Laud and
Kumar, Asish and
Dutta, Anirban and
Lu, Jing and
Groneck, Ryan and
Saraf, Shreyans and
Eguren, Jordi and
Srivastava, Sarthak and
Bartnik, Matthew and
Kumar, Ansh and
Alam, Arib and
Magee, Mark and
Varma Buddaraju, Rohith and
Kambham, Satwik and
Livneh, Ran and
Daksh, Ayushi and
Powers, Cecelia and
Bhakar, Jayant and
Dadu, Aaryan and
Rajagopalan, Srinath and
Mishra, Sashank and
Roldan, Israel and
Reichenbach, John and
Actions, GitHub and
Rao, Rishmita and
Jain, Rinkle and
Nitish, P and
Gupta, Harshul and
Singh, Sourav and
Brar, Antreev and
Chaumal, Aarya and
Patidar, Abhishek and
Kunisetty, Saanvi and
Gangbhoj, Riddhi and
Sofiatti, Caroline and
Matsumura, Yuki and
Kowalski, Nathan and
Selsing, Jonatan and
Perkins, Haille and
Talegaonkar, Chinmay and
Aggarwal, Yash and
L. Lim, P. and
Patra, Nilesh and
Volodin, Dmitry and
Buchner, Johannes and
Vieira, Nicholas and
Diddige, Harshitha and
Bhandari, Jhalak and
Sarafina, Nance and
Yap, Kevin and
Nagadevi, Kona and
Martinez, Laureano and
Truong, Le and
Zingale, Michael and
Sandler, Morgan and
Zaheer, Musabbiha and
Lemoine, Thom and
Wahi, Ujjwal and
Watson, Clyde and
Gupta, Suyash and
PATIDAR, ABHISHEK and
Jaiswal, Abhayraj and
Dasgupta, Debajyoti and
Kumar, Aman and
Nayak U, Ashwin and
Kumar, Atul and
Gupta, Angel and
Chen, Nutan and
Singh Rathore, Parikshit and
Patel, Pratik and
Prasad, Rohit and
Gajanan Nalbalwar, Rudraksh and
Sharma, Sampark and
Venkat, Shashank and
Prasad, Shilpi},
title = {tardis-sn/tardis: TARDIS v2026.09.06},
month = sep,
year = 2026,
publisher = {Zenodo},
version = {release-2026.09.06},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.22436000},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22436000},
}
This project is Copyright (c) TARDIS Collaboration and licensed under the terms of the BSD 3-Clause license. This package is based upon the Astropy package template which is licensed under the BSD 3-clause license. See the licenses folder for more information.