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Update 1.4.3 and 1.4.6 to include references to text in video #4927

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Update 1.4.3 and 1.4.6 to include references to text in video #4927

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a969c00
update 1.4.3 and 1.4.5 to include references to text in video
fstrr Jun 28, 2021
466047c
Merge branch 'main' into fstorr-update-contrasts-with-video
patrickhlauke Feb 18, 2026
fc1b07b
Apply suggestion from @patrickhlauke
patrickhlauke Feb 18, 2026
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Apply suggestion from @patrickhlauke
patrickhlauke Feb 18, 2026
961abfc
Re-port original changes after fixing merge conflicts
patrickhlauke Feb 18, 2026
1ade8eb
Merge branch 'main' into fstorr-update-contrasts-with-video
kfranqueiro Feb 27, 2026
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5 changes: 2 additions & 3 deletions understanding/20/contrast-enhanced.html
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -87,17 +87,16 @@ <h2>Intent of Contrast (Enhanced)</h2>

<p>The contrast requirements for text also apply to images of text
(text that has been rendered into pixels and then stored in an image format) - see
<a href="images-of-text">Success Criterion 1.4.5: Images of Text</a>.
<a href="images-of-text">Success Criterion 1.4.5 Images of Text</a>.
</p>

<p>This requirement applies to situations in which images of text were intended to be
understood as text. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include
understood as text, which includes text in videos. Incidental text, such as in photographs that happen to include
a street sign, are not included. Nor is text that for some reason is designed to be
invisible to all viewers. Stylized text, such as in corporate logos, should be treated
in terms of its function on the page, which may or may not warrant including the content
in the text alternative. Corporate visual guidelines beyond logo and logotype are
not included in the exception.

</p>

<p>In this provision there is an exception that reads "that are part of a picture that
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion understanding/20/contrast-minimum.html
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Expand Up @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ <h2>Intent of Contrast (Minimum)</h2>
</div>

<p>This success criterion applies to text in the page, including
placeholder text and text that is shown when a pointer is hovering over an object
placeholder text, text in videos, and text that is shown when a pointer is hovering over an object
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@dbjorge dbjorge Feb 27, 2026 •
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👎 I don't think this has enough detail to make this understanding doc clear about the scope. The SC applies specifically to "The visual presentation of text and images of text"; text in videos can qualify as image of text, but often doesn't. The "image of text" definition is:

image of text: text that has been rendered in a non-text form (e.g., an image) in order to achieve a particular visual effect
Note: This does not include text that is part of a picture that contains significant other visual content.
Example: A person's name on a nametag in a photograph.

I think this definition suggests that if you had a video that was "I animated the word 'Sale!' bouncing from side to side", that would be in scope, but if you had a video where a low-contrast street sign happened to be part of a movie scene, that would not be in scope.

I think most text in videos in practice would not be in scope, so I think we should be more clear than this update suggests.

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@bruce-usab bruce-usab Feb 27, 2026

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It occurs to me that “A person‘s name on nametag is a photograph” could be read as being an example of images of text — when the opposite is intended!

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@bruce-usab bruce-usab Feb 27, 2026

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And to @dbjorge good point on call wrt captioning -- those often are actual text (not images of text). With digital TVs and modern closed captioning, sufficient contrast is guaranteed because modern TVs let one pick foreground and background colors (and other settings, including font). The source media lacking CC data is addressed by other SC.

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@TestPartners TestPartners Feb 27, 2026

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I think most text in videos in practice would not be in scope.

There are certainly plenty of videos like that, but most or all of the text would be in scope in many of the videos we encounter. This includes opening credits, title frames between scenes, and multiple end cards that can contain a large amount of information. Important text is often displayed throughout educational videos and animations. And some clients still create videos with open captions.

or when an object has keyboard focus. If any of these are used in a page, the text
needs to provide sufficient contrast.
</p>
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