Add Python 3.15; build free-threaded wheels; use newer manylinux images; stop testing PyPy; drop 3.9

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -88,22 +88,22 @@ jobs:
         # 3.12.1 breaks zope.testrunner.
         # See https://github.com/zopefoundation/zope.testrunner/issues/157
         python-version:
-          - '3.9'
           - '3.10'
           - '3.11'
           - "3.12"
           - "3.13"
-          - "pypy-3.11"
-          - "3.14.0-rc.3"
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
-        exclude:
-          # Can't build persistent on 3.12 with -UNDEBUG because it
-          # accesses fields of objects that aren't there in assert statements;
-          # we build linux with assertions enabled, and unless there is a 3.12
-          # persistent wheel, we have to exclude that one.
-          # The same thing goes for PyPy.
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            python-version: "pypy-3.11"
+          - "3.14"
+          - "3.15-dev"
+          # Too many modules we depend on aren't free-threaded to make
+          # it worthwhile to try to test this. We'd have to forcibly
+          # disable the GIL, which is almost certainly unsafe given
+          # the modules that aren't free-threaded (e.g., gevent, persistent),
+          # and the fact that our test suite heavily uses threads.
+          # - "3.14t"
+        os:
+          - ubuntu-latest
+          - macos-latest
+        # exclude:
 
     steps:
       - name: checkout
@@ -173,13 +173,12 @@ jobs:
           ls -l dist
           twine check dist/*
       - name: Upload RelStorage wheel
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: RelStorage-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.python-version }}.whl
           path: dist/*whl
       - name: lint
-        if: matrix.python-version == '3.11' && startsWith(runner.os, 'Linux')
-        # At this writing, PyLint 2.17/astroid 2.15 won't work on 3.12
+        if: matrix.python-version == '3.14' && startsWith(runner.os, 'Linux')
         run: |
           pip install -U pylint
           python -m pylint --limit-inference-results=1 --rcfile=.pylintrc relstorage -f parseable -r n
@@ -212,14 +211,16 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run tests and report coverage
         uses: ./.github/actions/run-tests
         with:
-          useCoverage: ${{ !startsWith(matrix.python-version, 'pypy')  }}
+          # On 3.15b1 with coverage 7.14.0, the binary tracer isn't available
+          # and the pure-python tracer can't do greenlet concurrency
+          useCoverage: ${{ !startsWith(matrix.python-version, 'pypy') && matrix.python-version != '3.15-dev'  }}
       - name: Coveralls Parallel
         uses: coverallsapp/github-action@v2
-        if: ${{ !startsWith(matrix.python-version, 'pypy') }}
+        if: ${{ !startsWith(matrix.python-version, 'pypy') && matrix.python-version != '3.15-dev'  }}
         with:
           flag-name: run-${{ join(matrix.*, '-') }}
           parallel: true
-      - name: Publish package to PyPI (mac)
+      - name: Publish package to PyPI (Mac)
         # We cannot 'uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@v1.4.1' because
         # that's apparently a container action, and those don't run on
         # the Mac.
@@ -245,15 +246,14 @@ jobs:
     # We use a regular Python matrix entry to share as much code as possible.
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        python-version: [3.9]
+        python-version: [3.14]
         image:
           - manylinux_2_28_x86_64
-          - manylinux2014_aarch64
-          - manylinux2014_ppc64le
-          - manylinux2014_s390x
-          - manylinux2014_x86_64
-          - musllinux_1_1_x86_64
-          - musllinux_1_1_aarch64
+          - manylinux_2_28_aarch64
+          # - manylinux_2_28_ppc64le
+          # - manylinux_2_28_s390x
+          - musllinux_1_2_x86_64
+          - musllinux_1_2_aarch64
     name: ${{ matrix.image }}
     steps:
       - name: checkout
@@ -263,15 +263,15 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
         with:
           platforms: all
       - name: Build RelStorage
         env:
           DOCKER_IMAGE: quay.io/pypa/${{ matrix.image }}
         run: bash ./scripts/releases/make-manylinux
       - name: Store RelStorage wheels
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           path: wheelhouse/*whl
           name: ${{ matrix.image }}_wheels.zip

.readthedocs.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ build:
   # os is required for some reason
   os: ubuntu-22.04
   tools:
-    python: "3.11"
+    python: "3.14"
 
 python:
   install:

CHANGES.rst

@@ -2,10 +2,18 @@
  Changes
 =========
 
-4.2.1 (unreleased)
+4.3.0 (unreleased)
 ==================
 
-- Nothing changed yet.
+- Use newer ``manylinux`` images to build binary wheels.
+- Drop support for Python 3.9. This will be the last major RelStorage
+  release to support 3.10.
+- Stop testing on PyPy 3.11 and with psycopg2cffi.
+- Build and provide binary wheels with free-threaded support. However, it is
+  likely that RelStorage dependencies will cause the GIL to be
+  automatically enabled, and these wheels are thus untested. Crashes
+  have been seen in combination with gevent on 3.14t.
+- Add support for Python 3.15.
 
 
 4.2.0 (2025-09-29)

appveyor.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ environment:
     # all the current (non EOL) versions.
 
     - PYTHON: "C:\\Python314-x64"
-      PYTHON_VERSION: "3.14.0rc3"
+      PYTHON_VERSION: "3.14.0"
       PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
       PYTHON_EXE: python
 
@@ -63,11 +63,6 @@ environment:
       PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
       PYTHON_EXE: python
 
-    - PYTHON: "C:\\Python39-x64"
-      PYTHON_VERSION: "3.9.x"
-      PYTHON_ARCH: "64"
-      PYTHON_EXE: python
-
 
 
 # The images have moved to MySQL8 only, and that cannot

docs/install.rst

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
  Installation
 ==============
 
-RelStorage 3.0 is supported on Python 3.8, through 3.12, as well as
-PyPy3 3.9 or later.
+RelStorage 4.3 is supported on Python 3.10 through 3.14. PyPy 3.11
+was tested and supported in the past and may continue to work as long
+as RelStorage supports Python 3.11.
 
 .. seealso:: :doc:`supported-databases`
 
@@ -25,6 +26,9 @@ need to use even older versions of ZODB/ZEO, install RelStorage 1.6.
 Likewise, if you need Python 2.6 support, install RelStorage 1.6 (note
 that 1.6 *does not* run on Python 3 or PyPy).
 
+RelStorage 4.2.0 was the last version to support Python 3.9.
+
+RelStorage 4.0.0 was the last version to support Python 3.8.
 
 Database Adapter
 ================

scripts/releases/make-manylinux

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ export GEVENT_MANYLINUX=1
 # know. The env var works for pip 20.
 export PIP_NO_PYTHON_VERSION_WARNING=1
 export PIP_NO_WARN_SCRIPT_LOCATION=1
+export PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION=ignore
 
 # Build configuration.
 export CFLAGS="-pipe -O3"
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ if [ -d /RelStorage ] && [ -d /opt/python ]; then
     rm -rf wheelhouse
     mkdir wheelhouse
     ls -l /opt/python
-    for variant in `ls -d /opt/python/cp{314,312,39,310,311,313}*`; do
+    for variant in `ls -d /opt/python/cp{315,314,312,310,311,313}*`; do
         echo "Building $variant"
         mkdir /tmp/build
         cd /tmp/build

setup.py

@@ -168,15 +168,12 @@ def read_file(*path):
     license="ZPL-2.1",
     platforms=["any"],
     description="A backend for ZODB that stores pickles in a relational database.",
-    # Bump to 3.10 or even 3.11 at next release. We'll have to make changes
-    # in this file and our CI configuration to make sure we still have the
-    # same test coverage, as we were using just 3.9  for some things.
-    python_requires=">=3.9",
+    # Bump to  3.11 at next release.
+    python_requires=">=3.10",
     classifiers=[
         "Intended Audience :: Developers",
         "Programming Language :: Python",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
@@ -263,6 +260,7 @@ def read_file(*path):
             'always_allow_keywords': False,
             'infer_types': True,
             'nonecheck': False,
+            'freethreading_compatible': True,
         },
     ),
     tests_require=tests_require,
@@ -344,7 +342,7 @@ def read_file(*path):
 
             # First, mysql
             # pymysql on 3.9 on all platforms.
-            'PyMySQL >= 0.6.6; python_version == "3.9"',
+            'PyMySQL >= 0.6.6; python_version == "3.14"',
             # mysqlclient (binary) on all CPythons. It's the default.
             'mysqlclient >= 2.0.0',
             # mysql-connector-python; one of two pure-python versions
@@ -356,8 +354,6 @@ def read_file(*path):
             # pg8000
             # This requirement is repeated in the driver class.
             'pg8000 >= 1.29.0; python_version == "3.11"',
-            # CFFI, runs on all implementations.
-            'psycopg2cffi >= 2.7.4; python_version == "3.11" or platform_python_implementation == "PyPy"',
             # Psycopg2 on all CPython, it's the default
             'psycopg2 >= 2.8.3; platform_python_implementation == "CPython"',
         ],

src/relstorage/adapters/mysql/drivers/_mysqldb_gevent.py

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ def enter_critical_phase_until_transaction_end(self):
         self.commit = self._critical_commit
         self.rollback = self._critical_rollback
         self.query = self._critical_query
-        self.gevent_sleep = _noop
+        self.gevent_sleep = _noop # pylint:disable=attribute-defined-outside-init
 
     def is_in_critical_phase(self):
         return 'gevent_sleep' in self.__dict__

src/relstorage/tests/reltestbase.py

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def __init__(self, storage, *args, **kwargs):
 
     def runtest(self):
         try:
-            super().runtest()
+            super().runtest() # pylint:disable=no-member
         finally:
             self.storage.release()
             self.storage = None

src/relstorage/zodbconvert.py

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ def main(argv=None):
         default=logging.INFO,
         help="Set the logging level to TRACE instead of the default of INFO."
     )
+    # pylint:disable-next=deprecated-class
     parser.add_argument("config_file", type=argparse.FileType('r'))
 
     options = parser.parse_args(argv[1:])

src/relstorage/zodbpack.py

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ def main(argv=None):
         "to objects that have already been removed. The --days and --prepack "
         "arguments are ignored."
     )
+    # pylint:disable-next=deprecated-class
     parser.add_argument("config_file", type=argparse.FileType('r'))
     options = parser.parse_args(argv[1:])